Prevalence and Risk Factors of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in an Adult Population of Taiwan: Metabolic Significance of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonobese Adults

Chen, Chien‐Hua; Huang, Min-Ho; Yang, Jee-Chun; Nien, Chiu-Kue; Yang, Chi‐Chieh; Yeh, Yung‐Hsiang; Yueh, Sen-Kou

doi:10.1097/00004836-200609000-00016

Cited by 263 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…2; see Supple mentary information S1,S2 (tables)) 45,49,50,56,[67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] . This manifestation of NAFLD deserves clinical attention as many physicians have a perception that lean NAFLD is more benign in nature than NAFLD in individuals who are obese.…”

Section: Incidence Of Nafld and Future Projections In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Younossi

Anstee

Marietti³

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

4,167

3,198

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Section: Incidence Of Nafld and Future Projections In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Younossi

Anstee

Marietti³

et al. 2017

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol

4,167

3,198

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“…The highest incidence reports of HCC are in Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. 46,47 According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in 2002, 48 worldwide incidence ratios were 15.8 cases per 100,000 per year for men and 5.8 cases per 100,000 per year for women. The highest incidence regions in Asia and Africa have a high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B as well as significant exposure to dietary aflatoxins.…”

Section: What Are the Regional Differences Of Risk Factors For Hepatomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35,51 Diabetes and obesity can cause hepatic inflammation, leading to oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of the phospholipid constituents of hepatocyte and intracellular membranes, resulting in hepatocyte injury and necrosis, and subsequently HCC. 64 Chen et.al 47 found that extreme obesity (body mass index $30 kg/m 2 ) was independently associated with a 4-fold risk of HCC among anti-HCVseropositive subjects and a 2-fold risk in persons without HBV and HCV infections, after controlling for other metabolic components, but not in HBsAg-seropositive subjects. Diabetes was associated with HCC in the patients with HBV, HCV, or without HBV and HCV infections, with the highest risk in those with HCV infection also found more than 100-fold increased risk in HBV or HCV carriers with both obesity and diabetes.…”

Section: Impact Of Diabetes As Risk Factor In Hepatocellular Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Kar

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an important cause of death all over the world, more so in Asia and Africa. The representative data on epidemiology of HCC in India is very scanty and cancer is not a reportable disease in India and the cancer registries in India are mostly urban. 45 million people who are suffering from chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and approximately 15 million people who are afflicted with chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in India. HBV and HCV infection is considered an important etiologic factor in HCC. Positive association between HCC and consumption of alcohol where alcohol contribute as a cofactor for hepatotoxins and hepatitis viruses. Aflatoxin contamination in the diets, Hepatitis B virus infection and liver cirrhosis in Andhra Pradesh, India and direct chronic exposure to aflatoxins was shown to cause liver cirrhosis. Cirrhosis of liver of any cause lead to develop about 70%-90% of HCC. Aflatoxin interact synergistically with Hepatitis B virus (HBV)/Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection which increase the risk of HCC. HBV infection, HBV infection with Aflatoxin exposure, viral infection and alcohol consumption leading to overt cirrhosis of the liver, alcohol consumption leading to cirrhosis of the liver with viral infection are the predominant risk factor for the development of HCC. HCV and alcohol are also associated with HCC in India. Indians develop diabetes at younger age, Asians have strong genetic susceptibility for type II diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is identified as a risk factor for HCC. Prevention of viral infection by universal vaccination against hepatitis virus, HCC surveillance program, preventing alcoholic liver diseases, fungal contamination of grains and ground crops to prevent basically Aflatoxin exposure are important measures to prevent liver diseases and HCC among those at risk. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2014;4:S34-S42)

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“…This has resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. NAFLD consists of two clinical entities: nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) [7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

et al. 2015

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease in industrialized countries worldwide, and has become a serious public health issue not only in Western countries but also in many Asian countries including Japan. Within the wide spectrum of NAFLD, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of disease, which often develops into liver cirrhosis and increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. In turn, a large proportion of NAFLD/NASH is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, suggesting that NAFLD/NASH plays a key role in the pathogenesis of systemic atherosclerotic diseases. Currently, a definite diagnosis of NASH requires liver biopsy, though various noninvasive measures are under development. The mainstays of prevention and treatment of NAFLD/NASH include dietary restriction and exercise; however, pharmacological approaches are often necessary.Currently, vitamin E and thiazolidinedione derivatives are the most evidence-based therapeutic options, although the clinical evidence for long-term efficacy and safety is limited. This practice guideline for NAFLD/NASH, established by the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology in cooperation with The Japan Society of Hepatology, covers lines of clinical evidence reported internationally in the period starting from 1983 to January 2012, and each clinical question was evaluated using the GRADE system. Based on the primary release of the full version in Japanese, this English summary provides the core essentials of this clinical practice guideline comprising the definition, diagnosis, and current therapeutic recommendations for NAFLD/NASH in Japan.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in an Adult Population of Taiwan: Metabolic Significance of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Nonobese Adults

Cited by 263 publications

References 43 publications

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Global burden of NAFLD and NASH: trends, predictions, risk factors and prevention

Risk Factors for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in India

Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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