Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency among living with HIV adults receiving antiretroviral treatment in tropical area: Cross-sectional study

Visuthranukul, Jirayu; Phansuea, Phenphop; Buranakityanon, Pantat; Lerdrungroj, Prapawan; Yamasmith, Eakkawit

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19537

Heliyon

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19537

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Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency among living with HIV adults receiving antiretroviral treatment in tropical area: Cross-sectional study

Jirayu Visuthranukul,

Phenphop Phansuea,

Pantat Buranakityanon

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Health Promoting Properties of Vitamins C and D Against HIV Disease Progression, a Narrative Review

Markou,

Panoutsopoulou,

Stavrakoudi

et al. 2024

Immuno

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has troubled humankind for many years. The rate of new HIV cases is decreasing steadily, mostly because of safer sexual practices and scientific advances in medicine. However, the number of HIV-related trials has significantly increased, as the search for a definite cure for HIV is still fruitless. Our current treatment options involve antiretroviral therapy (ART) with various drug combinations that lower the patients’ viral load in order for the immune system to reconstitute itself. This way, adherent patients achieve a life expectancy similar to the general population. Besides the established treatment protocols, the focus has currently shifted towards secondary pharmaceutical regimen programs that enhance a patient’s immune system and response to opportunistic infections. Vitamins C and D are easily obtainable even in the developing world and are known to improve an individual’s daily life, with vitamin D enhancing the human immune response and vitamin C having an assisting role in both the immune response and as an important antioxidant. Recently, many studies assessing the effect of these vitamins on the progression of HIV have been performed. We aimed to collect and review these studies in order to determine the necessity of the supplementation of these vitamins in HIV-infected patients, which might complement the existing ART. To this day, the scientific community is conflicted, and more studies must be conducted before a definite conclusion about these vitamins’ effects on HIV patients can be reached.

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Health Promoting Properties of Vitamins C and D Against HIV Disease Progression, a Narrative Review

Markou,

Panoutsopoulou,

Stavrakoudi

et al. 2024

Immuno

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Assessment of Vitamin D status of patients with human immunodeficiency virus

Edet,

Mbachu,

Adinma

et al. 2024

Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences

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Background: Vitamin D regulates calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) commonly occurs in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWHIV) and is linked to bone disorders and metabolic and infectious diseases. HIV seropositivity and VDD may worsen the consequences on the individual. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted using 90 serum samples from 42 HIV-positive and 48 HIV-negative patients attending the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH). This study was approved by the NAUTH Ethics Committee. Serum Vitamin D levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sociodemographic data were obtained using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Windows version 27, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Overall, 13.3% of the population had suboptimal Vitamin D levels, with 2.2% having VDD and 11.1% having Vitamin D insufficiency. VDD was found in 2.2% and 2.1% of the HIV-positive group and HIV-negative groups, respectively. No significant difference was observed in mean serum Vitamin D levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). Within the HIV-positive group, education, place of living, and skin coloration were associated with suboptimal Vitamin D levels, and only skin coloration was associated with HIV-negative subjects. Conclusion: VDD is relatively low in the region; however, it may contribute to poor bone health in PLWHIV. Interventions should target individuals with poor educational attainment, living in rural domains, or dark skin coloration. Studies with large sample size are needed to determine the effects of Vitamin D supplementation or exposure to sunlight on HIV infection.

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Prevalence and risk factors of vitamin D deficiency among living with HIV adults receiving antiretroviral treatment in tropical area: Cross-sectional study

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Health Promoting Properties of Vitamins C and D Against HIV Disease Progression, a Narrative Review

Health Promoting Properties of Vitamins C and D Against HIV Disease Progression, a Narrative Review

Assessment of Vitamin D status of patients with human immunodeficiency virus

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