Prevalence and risk factors of Human Immunodeficiency virus, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus and Syphilis infections among nonprofessional blood donors in Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) andSyphilis infection are the major public health problem, alarming the most developing countries like Bangladesh. These studies determined the prevalence rate and risk factors of HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis among nonprofessional blood donors in multiple blood transfusion center of Chittagong. Information was collected by questionnaire to find out the relationship of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis infection with age, sex, socioeconomic status, residence and religious believes. The sero-prevalence of HIV, HBsAg (HBV), anti-HCV (HCV), VDRL (Syphilis) among the non-professional blood donors were 00.00%, 4.88%, 0.92%, and 0.70% respectively. So, the highest prevalence rate was HBsAg and the lowest was HIV. We didn't find more than one positive case in the same blood sample. The prevalence of HBsAg among the study population, students (120/6) were 5.00%, service holders (73/3) were 4.11%, businessmen (40/4) were 10%, housewives (14/0) were 00.00%, others (farmers, immigrant workers) (40/1) were 2.50%. The highest prevalence of HBsAg was due to illiteracy and unsafe sexual behaviors.

Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections (HBV, HCV, HIV and Treponema pallidum in Volunteer Blood Donors in Shirajganj District

“…In this study prevalence rate of HIV was found 1.2%. In previous studies prevalence of HIV among nonprofessional blood donors was found to be 0% in both Dhaka 19 and Chittagong city 10 . But a recent study demonstrated 10% increase in the number of new HIV infections each year [20][21] , which explains the high prevalence rate in our study.…”

“…All the infected individuals were male donors, 75% were service holder and 25% were from other professions. Whereas, in Chittagong, prevalence of HCV was 0.92% and 100% of positive individual (5.71% of blood donors) were businessman and about 50 % positive donors had an intravenous drug reception history 10,23 . Another study reported that 1.2% professional blood donors were positive for HCV 27 , anti-HCV was found to be positive in 7.3% among the blood donors in Gourgia 28 , 4.16% among the blood donors in Pakistan 29 , and 0.285% 30 among the replacement blood donors in the Western India 10 .…”

“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO) reports, the prevalence of HBV varies from 0.008% to 6.08% in different parts of the world 24 . According to past reports, Prevalence of HBsAg was reported 7.8% in apparently healthy people in Bangladesh who applied for jobs in foreign countries 16 and 4.88% in non-profession blood donors 10 . This study shows the prevalence of HBsAg in 6.8% in non-professional blood donors of Shirajganj district.…”

“…Among the infected individuals, aged between 26-50 years 75% were female and 25% were male donors. According to one report, incidence of Syphilis was greater among the service holders (2.74%) who were within the age group of 26-35 years 10 . The highest prevalence rate of syphilis infection among service holders was unknown but there are possibilities of sexual transfer of such infections.…”

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B in Bangladesh: Prevalence Among General Population, Risk Groups, and Genotype Distribution

“…Darker hues of red indicate increasing male:female ratio in the study population (blue bars indicate no gender data was available). The percentage of males in the study population range from 81% [33] to 98% (2011 data in [29]). The upshot of this discussion is that despite the existence of a substantial body of literature on Hepatitis B prevalence in otherwise healthy individuals in Bangladesh, most of their sampling frames do not represent the population at large.…”