Prevalence and risk factors of Brachyspira spp. in pig herds with a history of diarrhoea in six European countries

Arnold, Marlène; Swam, Hanny; Crienen, Annelies; Schüpbach‐Regula, Gertraud; Berg, Stephan von

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105862

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 19 publications

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“…A recent study found correlation between the presence of B. hyodysenteriae and Lawsonia intracellularis in European farms . Additionally, mixed infection seems to be frequent in countries including Germany, Denmark and the United Kingdom [ 44 ]. In the present trials, 4/14 pooled cecal samples were PCR positive at termination with high Ct values (very low DNA levels).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the consistency of experimental swine dysentery inoculation strategies

Parra-Aguirre

Nosach

Fernando

et al. 2023

Vet Res

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Swine dysentery (SD) caused by pathogenic Brachyspira spp. is an economic challenge for the swine industry. In research settings, experimental reproduction of swine dysentery typically relies on intragastric inoculation which has shown variable success. This project aimed to improve the consistency of the experimental inoculation protocol used for swine dysentery in our laboratory. Over six experiments, we evaluated the influence of group housing in inoculated pigs using a frozen-thawed broth culture of strongly hemolytic B. hyodysenteriae strain D19 (Trial A), compared the relative virulence of B. hyodysenteriae strains D19 and G44 (Trial B), compared inoculum volumes (50 mL vs 100 mL) for G44 and B. hampsonii 30446 (Trial C), and performed three independent trials evaluating intragastric inoculation using different oral inoculation methods: oral feed balls (Trial D), and oral syringe bolus of 100 mL (Trial E) or 300 mL (Trial F). Intragastric inoculation with a fresh broth culture of B. hyodysenteriae strain G44 resulted in a shorter incubation period and a higher proportionate duration of mucohemorrhagic diarrhea (MMHD) compared to D19. Intragastric inoculation with either 50 or 100 mL of B. hampsonii 30446 or B. hyodysenteriae (G44) were statistically equivalent. Oral inoculation with 100 mL or 300 mL also yielded similar results to intragastric inoculation but was more expensive due to the additional work and supplies associated with syringe training. Our future research will use intragastric inoculation with 100 mL of a fresh broth culture containing B. hyodysenteriae strain G44 as it yields a high incidence of mucohaemorrhagic diarrhea with a reasonable cost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the consistency of experimental swine dysentery inoculation strategies

Parra-Aguirre

Nosach

Fernando

et al. 2023

Vet Res

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Development and application of a quadruplex TaqMan real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for four porcine digestive pathogens

Wang,

Sun,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionSalmonella, Escherichia coli, Lawsonella intracellularis, and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae are the primary pathogens responsible for gastrointestinal diseases in pigs, posing a significant threat to the health and productivity of pig production systems. Pathogen detection is a crucial tool for monitoring and managing these infections.MethodsWe designed primers and probes targeting the invA gene of Salmonella, the 23S rRNA gene of Escherichia coli, the aspA gene of Lawsonella intracellularis, and the nox gene of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. We developed a quadruplex TaqMan real-time quantitative PCR assay capable of simultaneously detecting these four pathogens.ResultsThis assay demonstrated high sensitivity, with detection limits of 100 copies/μL for the recombinant plasmid standards pEASY-23S rRNA, pEASY-aspA, and pEASY-nox, and 10 copies/μL for pEASY-invA. The standard curves exhibited excellent linearity (R2 values of 0.999, 0.999, 1, and 0.998, respectively) and high amplification efficiencies (93.57%, 94.84%, 85.15%, and 81.81%, respectively). The assay showed high specificity, with no cross-reactivity detected against nucleic acids from Streptococcus suis, porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), Pasteurella multocida, Clostridium perfringens, Gracilaria parapsilosis, porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV), porcine group A rotavirus (GARV), and porcine teschovirus (PTV). The assay also exhibited excellent repeatability, with inter- and intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) ranging from 0.15% to 1.12%. High concentrations of nucleic acids did not interfere with the detection of low concentrations, ensuring robust performance in complex samples. Among 263 diarrhoeic samples, the assay detected Salmonella in 23.95%, Escherichia coli in 26.24%, Lawsonella intracellularis in 33.84%, and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in 22.43%.DiscussionThis quadruplex TaqMan qPCR assay offers a rapid, sensitive, and specific tool for the simultaneous detection of Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Lawsonella intracellularis, and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in pigs.

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Prevalence and risk factors of Brachyspira spp. in pig herds with a history of diarrhoea in six European countries

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Improving the consistency of experimental swine dysentery inoculation strategies

Improving the consistency of experimental swine dysentery inoculation strategies

Development and application of a quadruplex TaqMan real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay for four porcine digestive pathogens

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