Prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with a history of periodontal disease: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and risk indicators of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with history of periodontal disease.MethodsA total of 444 patients with 1,485 implants were selected from patients who had been treated at the Department of Periodontology, Chonbuk National University Dental Hospital between July 2014 and June 2015. A group with a history of peri-implantitis (HP) (370 patients with 1,189 implants) and a group with a current peri-implantitis (CP) (318 patients with 1,004 implants) were created based on the radiographic and clinical assessments of implants. The prevalence of peri-implantitis was calculated at both the patient and implant levels. The influence of risk variables on the occurrence of peri-implantitis was analyzed using generalized estimating equations analysis.ResultsThe prevalence of peri-implantitis in the HP and CP groups ranged from 6.7% to 19.7%. The cumulative peri-implantitis rate in the HP group estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method was higher than that in the CP group over the follow-up period. Among the patient-related risk variables, supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) was the only significant risk indicator for the occurrence of peri-implantitis in both groups. In the analysis of implant-related variables, implants supporting fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) and implants with subjective discomfort were associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis than single implants and implants without subjective discomfort in the HP group. The presence of subjective discomfort was the only significant implant-related variable predictive of peri-implantitis in the CP group.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the prevalence of peri-implantitis in Korean patients with a history of periodontal disease was similar to that reported in other population samples. Regular SPT was important for preventing peri-implantitis. Single implants were found to be less susceptible to peri-implantitis than those supporting FDP. Patients' subjective discomfort was found to be a strong risk indicator for peri-implantitis.

The prosthetic abutment height can affect marginal bone loss around dental implants

“…27,28 In contrast, the rate of mechanical complications was lower for splinted implant prostheses than for single implants. 27,28 In contrast, the rate of mechanical complications was lower for splinted implant prostheses than for single implants.…”

“…Previous studies have also shown that the prevalence of periimplantitis is higher in implants supporting a fixed dental prosthesis than in single implants. 27,28 In contrast, the rate of mechanical complications was lower for splinted implant prostheses than for single implants. 28 The prevalence of MBL was higher for cemented crowns than for screw-retained crowns, but there was no significant difference in the mean MBL.…”

Survival rate and potential risk indicators of implant loss in non‐smokers and systemically healthy periodontitis patients: An up to 9‐year retrospective study

“…Good oral hygiene practices, both prior to dental implant placement surgery and with regular maintenance afterward, are an important factor in the success of implant treatment. It had been shown that implants placed under a strict periodontal control could offer predictable good long‐term results 13,15,39,40 . Thus, both the selection of strict implant surgical indication according to presence of inflammation and periodontal maintenance therapy during follow‐up had significantly reduced the number of implant loss.…”

“…The rates of peri‐implantitis in patients with periodontitis are higher than those in healthy individuals 11,12 . However, other studies proposed that under the condition of strictly controlled periodontitis, the implant survival rate could also be at a high level 13‐16 . Due to insufficient sample size and short follow‐up time, the conclusions of existing studies cannot be conclusive.…”

Variables related to periodontal disease and peri-implant bone loss

“…Whereas, one study concluded that peri-implantitis in Korean patients with a history of periodontal disease was similar to that in patients of other populations, and that single implants appeared to be less susceptible to periimplantitis when compared with implants that supported multiples prostheses [22].…”