Prevalence and risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

AimsAfter the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the onset of glycemic impairment and diabetes have been reported. Nevertheless, the exact burden of glycemic impairment and diabetes after COVID-19 has not been clearly described.Materials and methodsElectronic search was run in Pubmed (MEDLINE), Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrial.org for reports published from database inception to September 2022. We included observational studies reporting quantitative data on diabetes prevalence or its onset in subjects with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection from at least 60 days. Risk of bias was assessed by the JBI’s critical appraisal checklist. Random effect model was used to calculate pooled data. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022310722).ResultsAmong 1,630 records screened, 20 studies were included in the analysis. The mean or median age of participants ranged from ~ 35 to 64 years, with a percentage of males ranging from 28% to 80%. Only two studies were considered at low risk of bias. The estimate of diabetes prevalence, calculated on a total of 320,948 participants pooled with 38,731 cases, was 16% (95%CI: 11-22%). The estimate of proportion of incident cases of diabetes was 1.6% (95%CI: 0.8-2.7%). Subgroup analysis showed that previous hospitalization increased the prevalence of diabetes and the proportion of incident cases.ConclusionDiabetes is common in individuals who have experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially if they required hospitalization. This data may be helpful to screen for diabetes and manage its complications in individuals who experienced COVID-19.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022310722, identifier CRD42022310722.

Incidence, Risk, and Clinical Course of New-Onset Diabetes in Long COVID: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

“…This methodology may have led to an underestimation of occurrences by overlooking cases identified through blood tests, potentially limiting the study’s accuracy in assessing the true burden of new-onset diabetes in patients with long COVID. In the meta-analysis by Bellia et al [ 12 ], a deviation from the widely accepted definition of long COVID was observed. By defining long COVID as 60 or more days from the diagnosis, instead of the recommended threshold of 30 or more days postdiagnosis [ 18 ], the study excluded potential diabetes cases occurring between 30 and 60 days postdiagnosis.…”

“…By defining long COVID as 60 or more days from the diagnosis, instead of the recommended threshold of 30 or more days postdiagnosis [ 18 ], the study excluded potential diabetes cases occurring between 30 and 60 days postdiagnosis. Furthermore, Bellia et al’s [ 12 ] focus on the prevalence, rather than the incidence, of new-onset diabetes further narrows the scope of the study and limits its applicability in understanding the full extent of diabetes burden in patients with long COVID. The study conducted by Rahmati et al [ 14 ] is notable for its inclusion of both acute and patients with long COVID, potentially obscuring the unique risks and outcomes associated with the prolonged phase of COVID-19.…”

A Case of Spontaneous Autoamputation of Ovary in a 46-Year-Old Woman: An Uncommon Presentation (Painless Ovarian Torsion) with Unique Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges

“…The histopathologic findings of our study also show necrotic tissue with foci of calcification [ 2 , 11 ]. Various potential diagnoses were initially taken into account before the surgical decision when the patient exhibited her symptoms, including appendicitis, uterine fibroids, adnexal masses, and other gynecological and gastrointestinal issues [ 12 ].…”

Incidence, Risk and Clinical Course of New-Onset Diabetes after COVID-19: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

“…Although there have been systematic reviews and meta-analyses reporting the incidence [18,19] or risk [18,[20][21][22][23] of developing diabetes in COVID-19 patients, these studies are limited by the following: incomplete or non-up-to-date searches [18,20,22], lack of meta-analysis [23], focused only on type 1 diabetes [21], use of only one definition of diabetes (e.g., ICD-10 codes) [18], or no simultaneous reporting of incidence and risk of new-onset diabetes [19][20][21][22]. Moreover, none of the studies have provided data on the clinical course of new-onset diabetes and estimated the population-attributable fraction (PAF) for COVID-19 as a risk factor for new-onset diabetes.…”