Prevalence and Serotype Diversity of Salmonella in Apparently Healthy Cattle: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Studies, 2000–2017

Abstract

Salmonellosis is a leading cause of foodborne illnesses in humans with cattle being one of the reservoirs for Salmonella . We estimated a pooled prevalence of Salmonella in apparently healthy cattle and examined serotype diversity through systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 2000 and 2017. Peer reviewed publications reporting the prevalence of Salmonella in cattle were searched through five electronic databases (PubMed, Google scholar, Agricola, Scopus, CAB direct) and through manual search. We obtained 71 publications with 75 datasets consisting a total of 52,766 animals examined and 5,010 Salmonella positive cattle from 29 countries in six continents (except from Antarctica). Pooled prevalence of Salmonella in cattle was 9% (95% confidence interval: 7–11%). Significantly high heterogeneity ( I 2 = 98.7%, P < 0.01) was observed among all studies as well as within continents. Prevalence varied from 2% (Europe) to 16% (North America). Overall, 143 different serotypes were reported with the most diverse serotypes being reported from Africa (76 different serotypes) followed by North America (49 serotypes). The 10 most frequently reported serotypes (Montevideo, Typhimurium, Kentucky, Meleagridis, Anatum, Cerro, Mbandaka, Muenster, Newport, and Senftenberg) accounted for 65% of the isolates for which specific serotype information was reported. Salmonella Montevideo and S . Dublin are the most frequently reported serotypes in North America and Europe, respectively, while S . Typhimurium was the most frequent in Africa, Asia and Australasia. Our results indicated variability both in the prevalence and serotype diversity of Salmonella in cattle across continents. Although all Salmonella serotypes are potentially pathogenic to humans, five (Montevideo, Typhimurium, Anatum, Mbandaka, and Newport) of the top 10 serotypes identified in this study are among the serotypes most commonly associated with clinical illnesses in humans.

Detection of Multidrug Resistant Gram Negative Bacteria in Healthy Cattle from Maiduguri Metropolitan, Nigeria

“…Previously, report from Ghana also reported high prevalence of Salmonella spp (66.7%) which where the MDR of the isolates were reported to be 52.8% [34]. Across the world, prevalence of Salmonella spp were reported in varying degree with very low prevalence in Europe (2%) than other continents which is in contrast with the current study [35]. This variation of occurrence could be accounted for the methods the cattle are handled in different geographical regions.…”

Detection of Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone Resistance Genes via Novel Multiplex qPCR in Fecal Salmonella Isolates From Northern Californian Dairy Cattle, 2002–2016

“…Despite being a cattle-adapted serotype, Dublin causes increased hospitalization and mortality in human infections when compared to other NTS serotypes ( Harvey et al, 2017 ). Typhimurium is also one of the most common serotypes to cause human infection in both the US and globally ( Gutema et al, 2019 ).…”

Occurrence of Salmonella in the Cattle Production in France

“…The overall prevalence in cattle has been reported by the EFSA and ECDC to be 3.34% in the European Union (the prevalence of positive samples at the slaughterhouse was 7.76%) [1]. Moreover, prevalence estimates vary from 2% in Europe to 16% in North America [12][13][14]. Studies have reported 5% in Africa, 4% in Turkey and 2% in Iran [15][16][17].…”