Prevalence and severity of anthelmintic resistance in ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in Australia (2009–2012)

Playford, MC; Smith, A.R.; Love, S. C. J.; Besier, R.B.; Kluver, P; Bailey, J N

doi:10.1111/avj.12271

Cited by 76 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…AHR in small ruminants has been reported in various regions of world: Argentina (EDDI et al, 1996); Uruguai (NARI et al, 1996;BONINO & MEDEROS, 2003), Paraguai (MACIEL et al, 1996); South Africa ( VAN WYK et al, 1997); Mexico (TORRES-ACOSTA et al, 2003); Australia (SUTER et al, 2004;PLAYFORD et al, 2014) (ZANZANI et al, 2014);Ireland (KEANE et al, 2014); France, Greece and Italy (GEURDEN et al, 2014). The countries with the largest number of cross-sectional studies over time are New Zealand, the United Kingdom and Brazil (FALZON et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in Brazil

Salgado

Santos

2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Frequent and inappropriate use of all classes of antiparasitic drugs in small ruminants has led to failures in their effectiveness, culminating in a global problem of anthelmintic resistance. Brazil stands out as one of the world's leaders in publications about anthelmintic resistance, and for having the most numerous reports of this resistance in small ruminants in the Americas. These studies have involved mainly the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and its correlation with field management practices. In vivo effectiveness testing is conducted in areas where livestock is of greater economic significance, e.g., in the South (sheep) and Northeast (goats), or is important for research and economic centers, such as the Southeast (sheep). The most widely studied species is sheep, for which the widest range of drugs is also evaluated. Despite significant advances achieved in molecular research, laboratory analyses should include knowledge about the reality in the field so that they can become feasible for the producer. Moreover, molecular studies can be underpinned by the analysis of field studies, such as the maintenance of antiparasitic effectiveness over time and the mechanisms involved in this process.Keywords: Small ruminants, anthelmintic resistance, sheep, goat, gastrointestinal nematodes. ResumoO uso frequente e inapropriado de todas as classes de antiparasitários em pequenos ruminantes levou a falhas de eficácia, culminando na problemática global de resistência anti-helmíntica. O Brasil destaca-se como sendo um dos pioneiros nas publicações com resistência anti-helmíntica no mundo e por ter o maior número de relatos em pequenos ruminantes na América. Essas pesquisas envolvem principalmente o teste da redução da contagem de ovos nas fezes (TRCOF) e sua correlação com as práticas de manejo utilizadas no campo. Os estudos de testes de eficácia in vivo localizam-se em áreas onde há maior importância dos rebanhos como nas Regiões Sul (ovinos) e Nordeste (caprinos), ou com importância em polos de pesquisa e econômicos, como a região Sudeste (ovinos). Ovina é a espécie mais estudada e com maior gama de drogas avaliadas. Mesmo com grande avanço em pesquisas moleculares, as análises laboratoriais devem envolver o conhecimento da realidade do campo para que possam se tornar viáveis ao produtor. Além disso, a análise dos estudos de campo pode nortear estudos moleculares como, por exemplo, a manutenção da eficácia das drogas ao longo dos anos e os mecanismos envolvidos em tal processo.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in Brazil

Salgado

Santos

2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Globally; however, use of synthetic drugs for animal health and production is facing challenges due to a variety of factors, e.g., because of their high costs (Mondal et al, 2013), general toxicity (Patel et al, 2013), drug residual problems in milk and meat (Elmanama and Albayoumi, 2016;Tochi et al, 2016) and development of drug resistance in ticks (Abbas et al, 2014;Coles and Dryden, 2014;Heath and Levot, 2015;Kumar and Partap, 2015;Muyobela et al, 2015;Vudriko et al, 2016) and GIN (Playford et al, 2014;Alonso-Diaz et al, 2008;Borges et al, 2015;Geurden et al, 2015;Muniz-Lagunes et al, 2015;Ramos et al, 2016). In addition, quality of antiparasitic drugs, particularly in developing countries, has led to attention of the stakeholders to find alternatives, may be as a part of drug resistance management programs (Zaman et al, 2012a,b;Sindhu et al, 2014;Ghosh et al, 2015a;Kumar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Control Of Parasitismmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Plants with Acaricidal and Anthelmintic Properties

Zaman¹

2017

IJAB

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Geo-climatic and socio-economic conditions provide a favourable environment for parasitic population of livestock in Pakistan. Hard ticks (Ixodidae) and gastrointestinal nematodes pose most serious threats to livestock industry. Stackholders rely on synthetic drugs to control these parasites. Emergence of drug resistance in these parasites; however, has provoked interest in alternate of synthetic drugs. Testing of plants used in ethnoveterinary medicine for their antiparasitic activity employing standard procedures has been reported to be promising. Plants have been most frequently used for deworming purposes followed by as acaricides and insecticides; whereas, reports as to their antiprotozoal use are relatively less. Use of plants as antiparasitics is more frequent in developing countries having low accessability to the modern parasite control practices. Likewise, validation studies on the use of plants as antiparasitics have been more frequently carried out in the developing countries compared with those having livestock farming as commercial enterprise. This article presents an overview of the plants having acaricidal and anthelmintic activity, limitations as to the application of phytotherpay to control parasites and future prospects of the use of plants as antiparasitics.

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“…Results of earlier studies suggested that a BCS-based TST approach is likely to have particular application in Mediterranean environments in Australia, where routine strategic treatments in the hot and dry summer period contribute strongly to the development (both prevalence and severity) of anthelmintic resistance (Besier and Love, 2003;Playford et al, 2014). Also, earlier computer simulation modelling suggests that for a single treatment given in summer in this environment, leaving even a small percentage of adult sheep untreated can provide a significant amount of refugia for non-selected worms, hence delaying anthelmintic resistance (Dobson et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Use Of Bcs As a Tst Selection Index Has Been The Subjectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and Teladorsagia circumcincta) have become increasingly difficult to effectively control. Resistance to the benzimidazoles and levamisole anthelmintics in several nematode genera is widespread, and macrocyclic lactone resistance in T. circumcincta is present on the majority of sheep properties (Playford, et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a body condition score index for targeted selective treatment in adult Merino sheep—A modelling study

Cornelius

Jacobson

Besier³

2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. AbstractThis study aimed to establish whether sheep flock production losses due to nematode (worm)infections are typically greater in mature sheep selected for anthelmintic treatment at random compared to sheep selected for treatment based on low (poorer) body condition score (BCS).The study also examined the proportion of sheep in flocks that could be left untreated before production losses became evident, and projected worm egg pasture contamination. Sheep were monitored at two experimental sites in Western Australia (Mediterranean climate).Sheep were stratified for BCS, liveweight and faecal worm egg count (WEC) and allocated into treatment groups (treated or untreated), with equal numbers for each. Liveweight, BCSand WEC measurements were taken on 6 occasions at Farm A and 10 occasions at Farm B.Comparisons of sheep production (liveweight and BCS change) and pasture contamination potential (WEC) were conducted by generating "virtual flocks" of varying proportions sheep untreated (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% untreated). For the comparison of the selection mode of sheep for treatment, the untreated sheep were either selected at random, or as the highest BCS animals at the commencement of observations. Univariate general linear models with least square difference post-hoc tests were used to examine differences between flocks for liveweight, BCS and WEC, and regression analysis was used to examine relationships between BCS and WEC, and liveweight and WEC. No difference in body weights was observed between flocks with varying proportions of ewes notionally left untreated at Farm B, and until more than 30% were left untreated at Farm A. There was no difference in BCS between flocks with varying proportions of ewes left untreated at either site. At no point were there differences in cumulative liveweight change or BCS between selection methods (BCS versus random) where the same proportion of sheep in virtual flocks were left untreated, suggesting that effort committed to individual BCS assessment would be of no benefit under these circumstances except for identifying low BCS sheep at risk of falling below critical 3 limits associated with health or welfare risks. No consistent relationship between WEC and BCS or bodyweight was observed, indicating that BCS selection would have no lesser or greater impact on worm pasture contamination compared to random selection. Summer treatments based on a random selection index (with a minimum BCS limit), with up to 30% of adult sheep untreated can be expected to delay the development of anthelmintic resistance, with mini...

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Prevalence and severity of anthelmintic resistance in ovine gastrointestinal nematodes in Australia (2009–2012)

Cited by 76 publications

References 18 publications

Overview of anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in Brazil

Overview of anthelmintic resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in Brazil

An Overview of Plants with Acaricidal and Anthelmintic Properties

Application of a body condition score index for targeted selective treatment in adult Merino sheep—A modelling study

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