Prevalence and Socio-demographic Determinants of Tobacco Use in Rohtak City, Haryana, India

Kumari, Sneh; Jain, RB; Chawla, Bharti; Chawla, Sumit; Sharma, Seema

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2020/44165.13787

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“…All 13 studies provided CTU estimates that can be regarded as representative of the entire population in the involved regions (state/district/city). Five studies ( [26][27][28][29][30]) were conducted at the district/city level, ensuring the representation of tobacco usage estimates in the respective regions. Table 1 depicts the complete study characteristics including study design, settings, population, age groups, overall and type-specific CTU estimate and so forth.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Studies Includedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco usage in India: A meta‐analysis of evidence drawn from regional studies between 2010 and 2022

Pahari¹,

Barman

Talukdar

2023

Tropical Med Int Health

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ObjectivesTo generate a national and zonal pooled estimate of current tobacco usage (CTU) in any form, as well as stratified gender and tobacco type (smokeless and smoke) specific estimates among the Indian population, utilising evidence from 2010 to 2022.MethodPubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles on tobacco use among Indian adults published between January 2010 and October 2022. The NIH Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess study quality, and a random‐effects inverse‐variance method was used to attain a pooled estimate of usage. Heterogeneity was estimated through I2 statistics and prediction intervals, and further subgroup analysis and meta‐regression were conducted. A leave‐one‐out analysis was done to establish the sensitivity of the pooled estimate.ResultsCTU prevalence of any form among the adult Indian population was 35.2% [confidence interval (CI) 25.27–45.92, I2 = 99.7, p < 0.001] between 2010 and 2022 with a wide Prediction interval between 3.19 to 78.74. The regionally drawn estimate for the years 2016–2022 was 44.3% (CI 30.57–58.64, I2 = 99.8, p < 0.01). Highest prevalence was found in the East zone (55.4%) followed by the northeast with 51.8% tobacco consumption. Although residual heterogeneity persisted after subgroup analysis, the variability in estimates showed statistical significance when considering disaggregated estimates across administrative zones and gender‐wise consumption. The estimated CTU among males was 54.1%, whereas in females it was 15%. Leave‐one‐out analysis indicated the findings are reliable and are not dependent on any one study.ConclusionThis review highlights differences in tobacco usage estimates from national‐level surveys and regional studies. More regionally representative surveys of tobacco usage to tailormade prevention efforts alongside increased regional efforts improved community‐level advocacy and more coordinated and stringent tobacco prevention policy implementation at national and state levels are warranted.

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