Prevalence and Structure of Dento-Maxillofacial Anomalies in Children

Abstract

The high level of dental morbidity in the children's population of Ukraine remains one of the urgent problems of modern dentistry. Dental health is largely characterized by the correctness of the structure of the mandibular system, its proper functioning and balance, and its condition is one of the preventive and quite clearly fixed indicators of health/ ill health of the human body in general. The pathology of the maxillofacial system affects not only the state of health, but also the quality of life of the patient, his emotional and social well-being.
 In this context, information on the prevalence of dentomandibular abnormalities and the overall need for orthodontic treatment is essential to provide objective information to health care stakeholders in order to make an adequate allocation of health care resources based on objective epidemiological data. In addition, dento-mandibular anomalies, which are not detected and not eliminated in childhood, in the process of growth and development of the facial skeleton over time acquire more severe forms, which become more pronounced and are less amenable to treatment. Therefore, the analysis of the prevalence and severity of ASD in children is an important stage in the process of planning preventive and therapeutic measures.
 Data from literary sources indicate a high prevalence of dento-maxillofacial anomalies among children in different age periods and depending on the characteristics of the area of residence. In particular, the results of the examination of children aged eight months to seventeen years, residents of different regions of Ukraine, given in scientific works of recent years, indicate a high prevalence of dento-jaw anomalies (41%77.9%).
 The high prevalence of dento-mandibular anomalies indicates the need for timely diagnosis at the early stages of the development of orthodontic pathology, which will contribute to timely treatment, which will subsequently be able to ensure the normal development of the child's dento-mandibular system and improve the quality of life.