Prevalence and transmission of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) gene in bacteria common to animals and humans

Luo, Qixia; Wang, Yuan; Xiao, Yonghong

doi:10.1016/j.bsheal.2020.05.001

Cited by 80 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Abattoirs and poultry farms are good grounds for the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria [ 17 , 18 ]. The result of the AST in this study revealed a high level of resistance of E. coli , K. pneumoniae , and P. aeruginosa to more than 50% of the tested antibiotic panels including the cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and carbapenems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallo-β-lactamase and AmpC genes in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from abattoir and poultry origin in Nigeria

Chika

Nworie²,

Saki

et al. 2021

BMC Microbiol

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Background Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae represent the most relevant reservoir of resistance genes such as metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) and AmpC genes that give them the undue advantage to resist antimicrobial onslaught. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of MBL (blaIMP-1, blaIMP-2, blaVIM-1, blaVIM-2) and AmpC (blaFOX, blaDHA, blaCMY, blaACC) resistance genes in aforementioned GNB collected from abattoir and poultry sources in Nigeria. Results In total, 370 isolates were collected from abattoir tables (n = 130), anal region of cows (n = 120), and the cloacae of poultry birds (n = 120). The test isolates showed high rate of resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems. The MBLs were phenotypically detected in 22 E. coli, 22 P. aeruginosa, and 18 K. pneumoniae isolates using combined disc test (CDT). However, only 11 E. coli, 24 P. aeruginosa, and 18 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were phenotypically confirmed to be AmpC producers using cefoxitin-cloxacillin double disk synergy test (CC-DDST). MBL encoding genes (particularly the blaIMP-1 genes and blaIMP-2 genes) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 12 (54.6%) E. coli, 15 (83.3%) K. pneumoniae, and 16 (72.7%) P. aeruginosa isolates. AmpC genes (particularly the blaCMY genes and blaFOX genes) were found in a total of 5 (29.4%) E. coli isolates, 5 (27.8%) isolates of K. pneumoniae, and 10 (41.7%) isolates of P. aeruginosa. Conclusions Our study showed the circulation of MBL and AmpC genes in GNB from abattoir and poultry origin in Nigeria. Adoption of regular control policies is necessary to reduce the spread of these species as soon as possible, especially in poultry and slaughterhouses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metallo-β-lactamase and AmpC genes in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from abattoir and poultry origin in Nigeria

Chika

Nworie²,

Saki

et al. 2021

BMC Microbiol

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“…The situation became alarming because of the emergence of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes, initially in China, in animals and humans [5]. To date, more than 40 countries have reported mcr variants (mcr-1 to mcr-9) from five different continents across the globe, indicating the epidemicity of the mcr gene [6]. The mcr genes have been reported in seven Asian and nine European countries, and they were recently identified in Pakistan, Iran, Italy, Finland, America, South Africa, and some other territories [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mcr genes have been reported in seven Asian and nine European countries, and they were recently identified in Pakistan, Iran, Italy, Finland, America, South Africa, and some other territories [7][8][9][10]. The plasmid-borne mcr gene has been found in several enterobacteria, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Aeromonas, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia fergusonii, Kluyvera ascorbata, Citrobacter braakii, Cronobacter sakazakii, Klebsiella aerogenes, and, most recently, Raoultella ornithinolytica [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extensive veterinary use of colistin and the increasing reports of Col-R in food animal strains of enterobacteria are indeed a matter of concern. The large-scale subclinical use of colistin for prophylaxis and growth promotion in livestock is a major cause of resistance [6]. The expansion of Col-R to various countries has led us to evaluate the magnitude of this drug resistance phenomenon in Pakistan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Emergence of plasmid-mediated mcr genes from Gram-negative bacteria at the human-animal interface

Javed

Zafar²,

Ghafoor

et al. 2020

Gut Pathog

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Background The global emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (Col-R) conferred by mcr genes in gram-negative rods (GNRs) has jeopardized the last treatment option for multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in humans. This study aimed to assess the emergence of mcr gene-mediated Col-R in GNRs isolated from humans and animals in Pakistan. Methods Animal and clinical specimens collected from various sources were prospectively analysed using standard microbiological procedures. Pathogens were identified using the API 20E and API 20NE systems (bioMerieux). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against colistin was determined using the MIC detection methods, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes. Results We isolated 126 (88.1%) animal and 17 (11.9%) human Col-R phenotypes, among which there was a significant association (P < 0.01) of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis with animals and of Acinetobacter baumannii with humans. Animal strains exhibited statistically significant (P < 0.05) resistance to co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol, and moxifloxacin, and the human pathogens exhibited statistically significant (P < 0.05) antibiotic resistance to cephalosporins, carbapenems, and piperacillin-tazobactam. For Col-R strains, MIC50 values were > 6 µg/mL and > 12 µg/mL for human and animal isolates, respectively. mcr genes were detected in 110 (76.9%) bacterial strains, of which 108 (98.2%) were mcr-1 and 2 (1.8%) were mcr-2. Conclusions The detection of a considerable number of mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in animals is worrisome, as they are now being detected in clinical pathogens. The acquisition of mcr genes by colistin-susceptible bacteria could leave us in a post-antibiotic era.

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“…Colistin has been widely used in agricultural production and veterinary medicine for decades. Previous studies reported that most mcr1 positive strains were isolated from livestock samples and plasmid-mediated transmission of mcr1 from animal to human seriously threatened the clinical use of colistin [39,41]. In general, the widely usage of colistin played an important role in dissemination and proliferation of mcr genes in bacteria.…”

Section: Effect Of Dio On Args Mrgs Mges and Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal Transfer Mediated Proliferation of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity Mice

Wang¹,

Chen²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Infections caused by pathogens carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are triggering a global health crisis. Human gut microbiota is an important reservoir of ARGs, which can not only be exchanged inside the symbiotic microbiota, but can also be horizontally transferred to opportunistic pathogens. A dysbiotic gut microbiota has been associated with obesity and other metabolic disorders, which has also been described as the most unneglected global health problem. Many studies have focused on the effects of antibiotics and other exogenous chemical on the fate of ARGs, but little is known about the effect of obesity induced dysbiotic gut microbiota on the fate of ARGs. Results This study addressed the significant proliferation of ARGs and the dramatical change of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in high-fat diet induced obesity (DIO) mice, which the ermB and tnpA-03 genes mostly increased, demonstrating that DIO alone could enrich the abundance of ARGs. A clear increase of serine and tyrosine in the feces showed a significant positive correlation with the dominant genes of DIO groups (ermB and tnpA-03), suggesting that serine and tyrosine might enhance DNA transposition (tnpA-03) by nucleophilic attacking a phosphorus atom of a backbone phosphate group and ultimately significantly amplified the ARGs. Additionally, ermB has been frequently found in obesity-associated Lactobacillus, which might contribute to the sharp increase of ARGs and dramatical change of MGEs in the DIO mice. Finally, procrustes analysis showed the explanatory variables of the MGEs, the metabolites, and the microbial communities for the ARGs accounted for 94.3%, 53.4%, and 68.1%, respectively. Conclusion This study demonstrated that DIO significantly enhanced the abundance of ARGs and dramatically changed MGEs in mouse gut microbiota. MGEs were the most direct factor affecting ARGs, and microbiota were the main driver of the proliferation of ARGs in the DIO mice.

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Prevalence and transmission of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) gene in bacteria common to animals and humans

Cited by 80 publications

References 106 publications

Metallo-β-lactamase and AmpC genes in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from abattoir and poultry origin in Nigeria

Metallo-β-lactamase and AmpC genes in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from abattoir and poultry origin in Nigeria

Emergence of plasmid-mediated mcr genes from Gram-negative bacteria at the human-animal interface

Horizontal Transfer Mediated Proliferation of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in High-Fat Diet Induced Obesity Mice

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