Prevalence and treatment of high cardiovascular disease risk in Inner Mongolia, China

Abstract

Early identification of individuals with high risk is crucial to preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to determine the prevalence of high CVD risk in Inner Mongolia and to analyze the treatment of major risk factors among individuals with high CVD risk. We selected 70,380 participants aged 35-75 years in Inner Mongolia between 2015 and 2017 using multistage stratified sampling. All participants completed a questionnaire and their blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid levels, height, weight and waist circumference were measured. Participants without a history of CVD were defined as high CVD risk if the predicted 10-year risk for CVD exceeded 10%. We assessed rates of high CVD risk and the prevalence and treatment of major risk factors among individuals with high CVD risk. After excluding participants with previous CVD, 68,083 participants remained. The overall prevalence of high CVD risk was 24.96%. The age-and sex-standardized rate of high CVD risk was 22.92%. Among high-risk participants, the prevalence of risk factors was hypertension (91.9%), dyslipidemia (54.1%), obesity (34.6%), diabetes (27.6%), and smoking (24.5%); clustering of these risk factors was common. The percentage of high-risk individuals taking antihypertensive drugs was 45.94% in those with hypertension; 27.99% of those with diabetes took hypoglycemic drugs and only 5.01% of those with dyslipidemia took lipid-lowering drugs. Control rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were 1.20%, 4.43%, and 2.78%, respectively. Therefore, the prevalence of high CVD risk was elevated in Inner Mongolia, and treatment and control rates were low.

The Impact of Risk Factor Control on Health-Related Quality of Life in Individuals with High Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Cross-sectional Study Based on EQ-5D Utility Scores in Inner Mongolia, China

“…However, several studies have demonstrated that the control of CVD risk factors was insufficient [ 12 – 15 ]. The same may be said for our studies on high CVD risk individuals in Inner Mongolia [ 16 ]. However, a few studies have been conducted to determine if uncontrolled risk factors impact HRQoL in high CVD risk patients.…”

“…First, the findings reveal that risk factors, such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes, were prevalent among high CVD risk individuals in Inner Mongolia. However, as demonstrated by our past study, risk factor control was not optimistic [ 16 ]. Previous studies have revealed that hypertension individuals' HRQoL is poorer than that of healthy people [ 22 , 29 – 31 ].…”

“…Permanent inhabitants aged 35–75 years from six different villages or communities took part in the survey. Detailed sampling methods have been described previously [ 16 ]. Finally, we include a total of 70,380 permanent inhabitants of Inner Mongolia.…”

Protocol of the Inner Mongolian Healthy Aging Study (IMAGINS): a longitudinal cohort study

“…In addition, the prevalence of stroke and hypertension in the Mongolian population was higher than in the Han population, attributing from its unique climate, geographic location, and culture [ 20 , 21 ]. Previous studies also reported that the awareness, treatment, and control rate of hypertension, diabetes, and CVDs in Inner Mongolia were low [ 16 , 21 , 32 , 33 ]. Therefore, it is necessary that explored effectively health management strategies for high-risk CVDs population in Inner Mongolia, including primary and secondary CVDs prevention.…”

Remnant Cholesterol and Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern China

“…Inner Mongolia is representative of northern China owing to high similarity in behavioral, environmental, population, and regional characteristics. The prevalence of high-risk populations for CVD in northern China is elevated, and the treatment control rate is low [21] . Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor threatening the health of people in this area [22] .…”