Prevalence, distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from a tertiary Hospital in Malawi

Kumwenda, Pizga; Adukwu, Emmanuel; Tabe, Ebot S.; Ujor, Victor; Kamudumuli, Pocha Samuel; Ngwira, Maono; Wu, Tsung-Shu Joseph; Chisale, Master

doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05725-w

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…with the exception of Pseudomonas spp., which was higher in males (4 representing 80%) than females (1 representing 20%). This observation deviates from what has been reported elsewhere, where the distribution in males and females were virtually the same, thus, 51% and 49% respectively 15 but similar to that of Mapanguy and colleagues who reported a significantly higher prevalence among females (61%) than males (39%) 18 . Also, a significant number of bacteria were isolated from the age group 26–40 years, followed by 60 and above with age group 1–5 years recording the least.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

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Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microbes isolated from individuals attending private diagnostic centre in Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

Anning

Baah

Buabeng

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The evidence of rising numbers of multidrug-resistant organisms requires the implementation of effective stewardship programs. However, this should be informed by evidence-based knowledge of local antimicrobial resistance patterns. The current study aims to establish the prevalence of common pathogenic microbes including their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and distribution in the Cape Coast Metropolis. This was a retrospective study where microbial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility records for 331 patients were reviewed from January to December 2019, at a private health centre. All data were analysed using Excel (Microsoft Office, USA), SPSS and GraphPad Prism 8 software programs. Among the samples tested, 125 (37.76%) were positive for microbes with high vaginal swab (HVS) samples recording the highest number of pathogens (44%), followed by urine (40%) and both pleural and semen samples having the least (0.3% each). Again, gram-negative isolates were more prevalent than the gram-positive isolates. The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance was very significant with isolates resistant to more than one antibiotic (P < 0.05). Escherichia coli showed the highest level of resistance, followed by Citrobacter spp. These were followed by Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Coliforms, Pseudomonas spp., Commensals and Candida spp. The high resistance pattern suggests an inevitable catastrophe requiring continuous monitoring and implementation of effective antibiotic stewardship.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 69%

“…The high prevalence of microbial isolates reported in this study highlights the need for effective monitoring and surveillance of microbial infections in resource-limited health care facilities 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microbes isolated from individuals attending private diagnostic centre in Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

Anning

Baah

Buabeng

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Most S. pneumoniae isolates (60.3%) came from the cerebral fluid primarily obtained from kids (88.2%). Except for ciprofloxacin, most bacteria resisted all commonly used antimicrobials [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nanoencapsulation on the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Algerian Origanum glandulosum Desf. against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates

et al. 2022

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The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is a danger to public health and exposes patients to high risk, increasing morbidity and mortality worldwide. For this purpose, three months of evaluation of MDR’s prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in the military regional university hospital of Constantine from different services and samples was carried out. Among a total of 196 isolates, 35.2% were MDR. The use of essential oils such as Origanum glandulosum Desf. as an alternative to antibiotics is attractive due to their rich content of bioactive compounds conferring many biological activities. Also, to overcome the drawbacks of using oils as the hydrophobicity and negative interaction with the environmental conditions, in addition to increasing their activity, encapsulation for the oil was performed using high-speed homogenization (HSH) into nanocapsules and high-pressure homogenization (HPH) into nanoemulsion. Nine volatile constituents were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) in hydrodistilled oil with thymol, carvacrol, p-cymene, and γ-terpinene as dominants. A dramatic decrease in the major volatile components was observed due to the use of HSH and HPH but generated the same oil profile. The mean particle size of the nanoemulsion was 54.24 nm, while that of nanocapsules was 120.60 nm. The antibacterial activity of the oil and its nanoparticles was estimated on MDR isolates using the disk diffusion, aromatogram, and broth microdilution methods. Consistent with the differences in volatile constituents, the oil exhibited a higher antibacterial activity compared to its nanoforms with the diameters of the inhibition zone against E. coli (20 mm), S. aureus (35 mm), and A. baumannii (40 mm). Both formulations have shown relatively significant activity against the biofilm state at sub-inhibitory concentrations, where nanoemulsion was more potent than nanocapsules. The results obtained suggested that nanoformulations of essential oils are strongly recommended for therapeutic application as alternatives to antibiotics.

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“…Studies across different regions consistently identify S. aureus and CONS as the predominant Gram-positive organisms in pediatric blood cultures [ 22 , 23 ]. This consistency in the prevalence of specific Gram-positive organisms across diverse geographical locations emphasizes the global significance of these pathogens and underscores their clinical relevance in various healthcare settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance pattern of pediatric bloodstream infections: a 5-year experience in an Iranian referral hospital

Sajedi Moghaddam,

Mamishi,

Pourakbari

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Bloodstream infections (BSI) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in developing countries. The purpose of the current study was to establish the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from bloodstream infections at Children’s Medical Center Hospital (CMC), Tehran, Iran. Methods We retrospectively recorded all positive blood cultures and antimicrobial susceptibility of all bloodstream isolates among children admitted to CMC, during 5 years. Specimen culture, bacterial identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed according to standard laboratory methods. Results From 3,179 pathogens isolated from the blood cultures 2,824 bacteria were cultured, with 1,312 cases being identified as Gram-positive bacteria (46%) and 1,512 cases as Gram-negative bacteria (54%). The most common Gram-negative bacteria isolated were as follows: Pseudomonas spp. (n = 266, 17.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 242, 16%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n = 204, 13.5%), Enterobacter spp. (n = 164, 10.8%), Escherichia coli (n = 159, 10.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 126, 8.3%), Serratia marcescens (n = 121, 8%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 73, 4.8%). The most common Gram-positive bacteria isolated were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) (n = 697, 53%), Streptococcus spp. (n = 237, 18%), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 202, 15%) and Enterococcus spp. (n = 167, 12.7%). 34% of bacterial strains were isolated from ICUs. The rates of methicillin resistance in S. aureus and CONS were 34% and 91%, respectively. E. coli isolates showed high resistance to cefotaxime (84%). All isolates of K. pneumoniae were susceptible to colistin and 56% were susceptible to imipenem. P. aeruginosa isolates showed high susceptibility to all antibiotics. Conclusions Our findings emphasize the need of clinicians having access to up-to-date bacterial susceptibility data for routinely prescribed drugs. Continuous monitoring of changes in bacterial resistance will aid in the establishment of national priorities for local intervention initiatives in Iran. The increased risk of BSI caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms, emphasizes the significance of implementing appropriate antibiotic prescribing regulations and developing innovative vaccination techniques in Iran.

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Prevalence, distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from a tertiary Hospital in Malawi

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microbes isolated from individuals attending private diagnostic centre in Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microbes isolated from individuals attending private diagnostic centre in Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana

Effect of Nanoencapsulation on the Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Algerian Origanum glandulosum Desf. against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Isolates

Bacterial etiology and antimicrobial resistance pattern of pediatric bloodstream infections: a 5-year experience in an Iranian referral hospital

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