Prevalence, Etiology, Severity and Treatment of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization for 7 to 9 Years Old Children Attending Royal Medical Services Clinics in Amman, Jordan

Abstract

Objectives:To assess the prevalence, etiology, severity and treatment approaches for schoolaged children, with Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and live in Amman -Jordan.Methods: Six hundred children, aged from seven to nine years old, were examined by experienced dentists. The severity and distribution of enamel defects were analyzed, and treatment performed for the MIH affected teeth was recorded. Prenatal and postnatal medical records were reviewed to identify several etiological factors, including high fever, maternal chronic diseases, Cesarean Section and complicated deliveries, and neonatal hospitalization. Analysis of data was performed with p-value set at 0.05. Results:The prevalence of MIH in patients was 17.3%, where 80.8% of the affected children recorded various medical problems associated with the condition either at prenatal, perinatal or postnatal period. 54% of the affected children had more than one medical problem throughout different chronological periods, such as patients having postnatal high fever and complicated delivery. The majority of the affected children had postnatal medical problems. The white creamy discolorations on the chewing surface and coronal third of the crown formed majority of defects; affecting 81% of children. 65.4% of affected children with MIH have only molar hypomineralization with no incisors affected. 38.5 % of patients with MIH have all four first permanent molars affected.In 71.2% of the cases, teeth were mostly treated by composite fillings. Conclusion:MIH is a prevalent finding in Amman. It could be due to different causative disturbances that could take place at different chronological periods. Structural defects vary according to the degree of severity, and there are different clinical management strategies utilized to treat this condition.