Prevalence evaluation of sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with class II malocclusion and mandibular deficiency using SRBD-PSQ

Abstract

Objectives: Sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBDs) are a group of pathological conditions characterized by dysfunction in the upper airways, ranging from primary snoring to obstructive sleep apnea. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of SRBD using the SRDB Scale of the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (SRBDPSQ) among children and adolescents with class II malocclusion and mandibular deficiency. In addition, it seeks to identify any correlations between SRBD and the mentioned malocclusion. Material and Methods: A census was conducted among potential candidates for mandibular advancement treatment who were referred to the orthodontic ward of Mashhad Dental School. The parents of 90 children aged 7 to 14 completed the Persian version of the SRBD-PSQ after clinical examination and confirmation of the need for mandibular advancement by an orthodontist. Results: Ninety questionnaires were collected for the study, with 37.8% being boys and 62.2% being girls. The overall prevalence of SRBD was found to be 15.6%. During the general examination, the questionnaire’s total score and behavioral differences were significantly higher in boys (P = 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively). Age displayed an inverse and significant relationship with behavioral disorders and SRBD (P = 0.023, P = 0.031, respectively), indicating a decrease in SRBD and behavioral disorders with increasing age. Individuals who answered positively to the questionnaire had significantly higher rates of snoring (P = 0.025) and behavioral disorders (P < 0.001) compared to others. Conclusion: SRDBs are more prevalent among children who meet the criteria for mandibular advancement treatment compared to the general population of children. Boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder require special attention. Snoring and behavioral disorders are key symptoms for diagnosing SRBD.