Prevalence, genotypes and factors associated with HCV infection among prisoners in Northeastern Brazil

Santos, Bruno Fernandes de Oliveira; Santana, Nathalie Oliveira de; França, Alex Vianey Callado

doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i25.3027

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Otherwise, this prevalence is not consistent with previous studies conducted among inmates in Brazil, such as in Sergipe (3.1%), São Paulo (9.0%) and Campo Grande, MS, (4.8%) and higher than in Espírito Santo (1.0%) [14–17]. Although this prevalence is greater than the prevalence in the general population, the low prevalence found may be due to current low prevalence of HCV exposure in the Midwest region.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence and Incidence of HCV Infection among Prisoners in Central Brazil

et al. 2017

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The aim of this multicenter, cross sectional study was to assess the prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors among incarcerated populations from twelve Brazilian prisons. The total of 3,368 individuals from twelve prisons was randomly recruited between March 2013 and March 2014. Participants were interviewed, and provided blood samples which were tested for antibodies to Hepatitis C (HCV ab). One year after the first investigation, a cohort study was conducted with 1,656 inmates who participated the cross sectional study. Positive samples were tested for the presence of HCV RNA. Out of 3,368 inmates, 520 (15.4%) were females, and 2,848 (84.6%) were males. The overall prevalence of HCV was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.9 to 2.9), with 0.6% (95% CI: 0.4 to 0.8) in females, and 2.7% (95% CI: 2.1 to 3.3) in males (p<0.01). HCV RNA was detected in 51/80 (63.7%) samples. Among men prisoners, multivariate analysis of associated factors showed independent associations between HCV exposure and increasing age, inject drug use, length of incarceration, smoking hashish, sharing needle and syringe and HIV positivity. During the cohort study, 7/1,656 new cases of HCV infection were detected, and the incidence rate was 0.4/100 person-year. Once high frequency rates of specific HCV risk behaviors and new HCV infections have been identified inside prisons, effective interventions strategies such as screening, clinical evaluation and treatment to reduce the spread of HCV infection are essential.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence and Incidence of HCV Infection among Prisoners in Central Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Another important infection, especially in schistosomiasis endemic areas, is viral hepatitis, particularly that caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) 6 . Viral hepatitis is a serious public health problem, not only in Brazil but also in many other countries worldwide 7,8 . Despite the controversies in the literature about the prevalence of schistosomiasis and viral hepatitis coinfection, some reports have indicated that the presence of both infections accelerates and aggravates the process of fibrosis in the liver and can lead to the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma 3 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial analysis of viral hepatitis and schistosomiasis coinfection in an endemic area in Northeastern Brazil

Santos

Silva

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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“…In Aracaju, Santos et al (2011) found that 3.1% (13/422) of participants Gabe and Lara (2008) found 9.21% (7/76) anti-HCV positive. These studies revealed higher rates of anti-HCV positive in prison populations than in the nonprison population, which was confirmed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In Brazil, information about hepatitis C has become more accessible following the publication of several studies (Paltanim, Reiche, 2002;Zarife et al, 2006;Strazza et al, 2007;Fagundes et al, 2008;Gabe, Lara, 2008;Coelho et al, 2009; Ferrao et al, 2009;Mousquer, Castro, 2009;Silva et al, 2010;Oliveira-Filho et al, 2010;Santos et al, 2011). Fagundes et al (2008) found that 2.2% (10/457) of adults in Criciúma (Santa Catarina) were anti-HCV positive and that 1.53% (7/457) were HCV RNA-positive, but the study did not identify the HCV genotype (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C in prisoners and non-prisoners in Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil

Falquetto

Endringer

Andrade

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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The aim of the present work was to compare hepatitis C prevalence, genotypes, and risk factors between prisoners and non-prisoners in the city of Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil. This cross-sectional study involved approximately 1,600 residents and 730 prisoners, all of whom were living in Colatina. The percentage of individuals who tested positive for anti-HCV was 0.1% (2/1,600) in the non-prisoner group and 1.0% (7/730) in the prisoner group, confirming a higher risk of hepatitis C in the latter group. The percentage of subjects who progressed to HCV-RNA negative was 11.1% (1/9), confirming the high probability of evolution to chronicity. Genotype 1 was the most predominant genotype found. Factors associated with increased risk of hepatitis C were being male, being institutionalized, having an income of less than three minimum wages, having low educational attainment, and using injected drugs. Alcohol use, pain in the liver, migraine, and reported history of hepatitis were markedly associated with hepatitis C. The prison population tested positive for anti-HCV at a higher rate than the non-prison population.Uniterms: Hepatitis C/prevalence. Hepatitis C/genotypes. Hepatitis C/risk factors. Hepatitis C/symptoms. Anti-HCV. Prison population/risks evaluation.O objetivo do presente trabalho foi comparar a prevalência, os genótipos e fatores de risco da hepatite C entre a população em geral e os presos na cidade de Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brasil. O presente estudo é transversal e comparou cerca de 1.600 moradores e 730 prisioneiros, todos eles vivendo em Colatina. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-HCV positivo foi de 0,1% (2/1.600), na população em geral, e de 1,0% (7/730) entre os presos, o que confirma o elevado risco nesse grupo. A percentagem de indivíduos que apresentam RNA-HCV negativo foi de 11,1% (1/9), confirmando a alta taxa de evolução para a cronicidade. O genótipo predominante foi o I. Fatores associados ao aumento do risco de hepatite C foram do sexo masculino, sendo institucionalizado, com renda de até três salários mínimos, baixa escolaridade e uso de drogas injetáveis. O uso de álcool, dor no fígado, enxaqueca e relato de histórias de hepatite apresentaram associação significativa com a hepatite C. A população carcerária teve maiores taxas de positividade para o anti-HCV do que a população não-prisional pesquisada.Unitermos: Hepatite C./prevalência. Hepatite C./genótipos. Hepatite C./fatores de risco. Hepatitis C/ sintomas. Anti-HCV. População carcerária/avaliação de riscos. INTRODUCTIONViral hepatitis C, isolated from viral RNA, is a relatively recent discovery (Choo et al., 1989). It has been cited often as a major determinant of chronic liver disease (Martins, Schiavon, Schiavon, 2011) and as a worldwide public health concern (Sy, Jamal, 2006). In Brazil, certain infectious diseases must be reported to the government, which is responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions. The high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with hepatitis B and C create the need for large inv...

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Prevalence, genotypes and factors associated with HCV infection among prisoners in Northeastern Brazil

Abstract: Most of the HCV transmissions result from parenteral exposure. However, there is evidence to suggest a role for sex and household contact with an infected subject in virus transmission.

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Prevalence and Incidence of HCV Infection among Prisoners in Central Brazil

Prevalence and Incidence of HCV Infection among Prisoners in Central Brazil

Spatial analysis of viral hepatitis and schistosomiasis coinfection in an endemic area in Northeastern Brazil

Hepatitis C in prisoners and non-prisoners in Colatina, Espírito Santo, Brazil

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