Prevalence of abdominal obesity and its correlates among adults in a peri-urban population of West Africa

Abstract

IntroductionPrevalence of abdominal obesity dramatically increases both in developed countries and in developing countries. In several regions in Africa, obesity (especially abdominal) is seen as a sign of affluence, dignity and respect. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence of abdominal obesity and seek some factors associated in a peri-urban population of West Africa.MethodsDuring April-May 2014, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Anonkoi 3, a neighborhood of Abidjan (Ivory Coast). Adults of 18 years old and over, not bedridden were included. Sampling was done in two stages. First, we selected the households. Then in each household we randomly chose one adult. Abdominal obesity was measured using a measuring tape and defined by waist circumference ratio (TT) to hip circumference (TH) greater or equal to 0.80 in women and greater or equal to 0.95 in men. Data from sociodemographic, corpulence, socioeconomic level, food habit, level of physical activity and blood pressure were analyzed. Univariate analysis using the Pearson KHI-square test at a significance level of 0.05 and a logistic regression was performed.ResultsWe visited 486 households in which 486 people aged 36.1 ± 12.83 years agreed to participate in the study. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was 50.8%. Those aged 30–45 years, women, couples, those with a primary level of education, the poor, people with high blood pressure, subjects less active and obese (general obesity) had more abdominal obesity. After logistic regression, individuals aged 30–45 years (adjusted OR = 2.35; p = 0.004) and 45 years and older (adjusted OR = 3.18; p = 0.001); females (adjusted OR = 49.05; p = 0.000); hypertension (adjusted OR = 2.26; p = 0.014) and obesity (OR = 2.94; p = 0.009).ConclusionThis work allowed us to estimate a relatively high prevalence of abdominal obesity in a peri-urban African population.

Dietary diversity and physical activity as risk factors of abdominal obesity among adults in Dilla town, Ethiopia

“…Similarly, women had higher measures of abdominal obesity compared to men. Our findings confirm what has been reported in other studies [ 17 , 19 – 21 ]. Likely reasons for this observation include that women are physiologically more predisposed to overweight and obesity due to the changes occurring during the reproductive years, and women have been reported to engage in less physically strenuous/demanding activities in the moderate to vigorous range compared to men in the same setting [ 21 ].…”

“…However, the prevalence of abdominal obesity was much higher in studies conducted in various countries [ 16 – 20 ] as compared to this study. Similar to the previous studies [ 13 – 17 , 19 , 20 ], this study also found a higher prevalence of abdominal obesity in females (27.3%) than in males (20.6%).…”

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“…Prevalensi obesitas di wilayah perkotaan teridentifikasi lebih tinggi (K. Malik et al, 2019). Prevalensi paling rendah teridentifikasi pada kelompok pria di wilayah perkotaan Brazil, sebesar 11,9% (Bezerra & Sichieri, 2009).…”

“…Faktor internal selanjutnya adalah jenis kelamin. Prevalensi obesitas lebih banyak ditemukan pada perempuan dibandingkan laki-laki (K. Malik et al, 2019;Khusun et al, 2015;Saquib et al, 2016;Somasundaram et al, 2019). Seluruh penelitian yang mengaitkan jenis kelamin dengan obesitas menunjukkan hal yang sama.…”

Middle-age Spread of Overweight and Obesity in Ghana; Myth or Reality? Evidence from WHO SAGE Wave 2 Data

“…In Xinjiang Province in China the prevalence of obesity and overweight are 26.5% and 36.5% respectively with female dominance [6]. In Cote D'Ivoire 50.8% of adults have abdominal obesity [7] while the most recent South African Demographic Health Survey (SADHS 2016) estimated the prevalence of overweight/obesity among South Africans to be 68% and 31% for women and men respectively [8]. A study conducted by Lartey et al (2019) observed increasing prevalence of overweight/ obesity among Ghanaians [9].…”