Prevalence of aflatoxins and ochratoxine A in organically and conventionally produced herbs and spices

Gajewska, Magdalena; Szosland-Fałtyn, Anna; BARTODZIEJSKA, BEATA

doi:10.32383/farmpol/148138

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“…The incidence of aflatoxins in medicinal herb products has been reported in several countries [11][12][13]. Recently, the mean level of AFB1 and total aflatoxins in spice and herbal samples collected from Polish retail markets were found with concentration ranges of 0.6-4.5 µg/kg and 0.3-13.2 µg/kg, respectively [14]. A study in China examined 117 samples of edible and medicinal plant seeds and reported that the AFB1 levels detected in Coicis Semen, Hordei Fructus Germinatus, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, and Semen Perisicae were 6.2, 0.2, 10.3, and 0.3 µg/kg, respectively [15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimization and Validation of Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for Simultaneous Determination of Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 in Senna Leaves and Pods Using HPLC-FLD with Pre-Column Derivatization

Maneeboon

Chuaysrinule

Mahakarnchanakul

2023

Toxins

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Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) was optimized for the simultaneous extraction of aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) from powdered senna leaves and pods. Detection was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and pre-column derivatization. The parameters affecting the DLLME extraction efficiency were evaluated. Chloroform (200 µL) was used as an extraction solvent, 500 µL of distilled water was used as a dispersive solvent, and the extraction was performed at pH 5.6 with no salt added. The optimized method was validated using leaves and pods according to the European Commission guidelines. The linear range for all aflatoxins was 2–50 µg/kg, with values for regression coefficients of determination exceeding 0.995. The recoveries of spiked senna leaves and pods were in the ranges of 91.77–108.71% and 83.50–102.73%, respectively. The RSD values for intra-day and inter-day precisions were in the ranges of 2.30–7.93% and 3.13–10.59%, respectively. The limits of detection and quantification varied in the ranges of 0.70–1.27 µg/kg and 2.13–3.84 µg/kg, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied for the quantification of aflatoxins in 60 real samples of dried senna leaves and pods.

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