Prevalence of alcohol-impaired drivers based on random breath tests in a roadside survey in Catalonia (Spain)

Alcañiz, Manuela; Guillén, Montserrat; Santolino, Miguel; Sánchez-Moscona, Daniel; Llatje, Òscar; Ramon, Lluís

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2013.12.021

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Official figures on the age of citizens who have a driving license in Spain indicate that the average is 48.63 years. Alcañiz et al (2014) analyze a sample of random drivers who were stopped at sobriety checkpoints and they report similar results for Catalonia (Spain). In addition, there is a possibility that opting for PAYD and installing a telematics device may influence driving patterns.…”

Section: Description Of the Databasementioning

confidence: 74%

Exposure as Duration and Distance in Telematics Motor Insurance Using Generalized Additive Models

Boucher

Côté

Guillén

2017

Risks

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Abstract:In Pay-As-You-Drive (PAYD) automobile insurance, the premium is fixed based on the distance traveled, while in usage-based insurance (UBI) the driving patterns of the policyholder are also considered. In those schemes, drivers who drive more pay a higher premium compared to those with the same characteristics who drive only occasionally, because the former are more exposed to the risk of accident. In this paper, we analyze the simultaneous effect of the distance traveled and exposure time on the risk of accident by using Generalized Additive Models (GAM). We carry out an empirical application and show that the expected number of claims (1) stabilizes once a certain number of accumulated distance-driven is reached and (2) it is not proportional to the duration of the contract, which is in contradiction to insurance practice. Finally, we propose to use a rating system that takes into account simultaneously exposure time and distance traveled in the premium calculation. We think that this is the trend the automobile insurance market is going to follow with the eruption of telematics data.

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Section: Description Of the Databasementioning

confidence: 74%

Exposure as Duration and Distance in Telematics Motor Insurance Using Generalized Additive Models

Boucher

Côté

Guillén

2017

Risks

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“…Las actuaciones de la Guardia Urbana se suman a las que realiza el Cuerpo de Mossos de Esquadra: entre 400.000 y 600.000 controles al año en Catalunya, especialmente en vías interurbanas. En su conjunto, configura una presión notable respecto al control de la conducción bajo los efectos del alcohol, que ha mostrado un impacto favorable en los indicadores de alcoholemia basados en muestras representativas y en las lesiones por tráfico (Alcañiz et al, 2014;Pulido et al, 2014;Sarasa-Renedo et al, 2014). Por lo que respecta a los establecimientos minoristas de alimentación, se estima que hay 4.200 en la ciudad, la mayoría de los cuales cierra antes de las 21h.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Hacer cumplir las regulaciones sobre venta y consumo del alcohol como prevención ambiental universal

et al. 2015

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The informal social control over alcohol consumption that was traditional in Southern European countries has weakened. At the same time there is an increase in binge drinking and drunkenness among young people in Spain. To mitigate this problem, regulations on alcohol and driving and restrictions on the sale and consumption of alcohol have been adopted. This paper documents the current regulations in the city of Barcelona and describes efforts to enforce them and their outcomes. Data from the municipal information systems on infringements reported for the period 2008-13 are provided.There is an increasing pressure of municipal services to enforce the rules in two areas: a) alcohol sales at night (retailers); and b) consumption in the public space (citizens). An increase in the controls of drink-driving has also taken place, and the proportion above legal limits has decreased. The largest relative increase occurred in the control of retailers. In Barcelona interventions are made to limit the supply and consumption of alcohol at low cost and during the night, and of driving under the influence of alcohol. There have been no documented episodes of massive drinking in public spaces (known as 'botellón') in the city. These actions, which complement other preventive efforts based on health education, can change the social perceptions of alcohol by minors in a direction less favorable to consumption, promoting environmental prevention. Abstract Recibido: Septiembre 2014; Aceptado: Mayo 2015 Enviar correspondencia a:

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“…Table 1 shows the sample size disaggregated by year and gender with the descriptive statistics of the observed monthly percentage of alcohol-impaired drivers. The number of male drivers is much larger that the number of female drivers in the region (see Alcañiz et al, 2014) and this is the reason why many more tests are undergone by men than by women.…”

Section: Methods Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…He finds that the percentage of drivers with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at or above the legal limit of 50 mg/dl was significantly higher on weekend nights than at all other times in the week. Finally, Alcañiz et al (2014) report a case study in which the prevalence of alcohol-impaired driving is estimated for the general population of drivers in Catalonia in 2012. They estimate a prevalence of 1.29%, which is roughly a third of the rate obtained in non-random tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Time-Trend Variation by Gender of Alcohol-Impaired Drivers at Preventive Sobriety Checkpoints

Chuliá

Guillén

Llatje

2016

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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Objective: We aim to analyse time evolution and seasonality of the outcomes of non-random alcohol concentration breath tests performed on drivers at sobriety checkpoints in Catalonia (Spain) from 2005 to 2012. Differences by gender are also explored.Methods: Time series analyses of the monthly prevalence of drunk drivers by gender. The sample consisted of all drivers tested at non-random sobriety checkpoints in Catalonia (Spain) from 2005 to 2012 (n=3,985,000). Our outcome variable was the monthly prevalence of drivers with a breath alcohol concentration at or above the legal limit. The driver's gender was also registered.Results: A decreasing trend in drunk-driving over time was found, the gender gap diminished after 2008 and disappeared in 2012. After adjusting for trend, the monthly coefficient presented the lowest value for males in January at 3.91% (p<0.001) and the highest in July at 4.72% (p<0.001) and September at 4.75% (p<0.001). The monthly coefficient was lowest for females in January at 3.05% (p<0.001) and highest in October at 4.12% (p <0.001). After seasonal the lowest coefficient is found in winter both for men and women. Conclusion:Seasonal patterns for male and female drivers testing positive at preventive nonrandom sobriety checkpoints indicate that the prevalence of drunk-driving peaks in spring for males and in autumn for females. We recommend that the authorities enforce campaigns that target male and female drinkers differently.

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Prevalence of alcohol-impaired drivers based on random breath tests in a roadside survey in Catalonia (Spain)

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Exposure as Duration and Distance in Telematics Motor Insurance Using Generalized Additive Models

Exposure as Duration and Distance in Telematics Motor Insurance Using Generalized Additive Models

Hacer cumplir las regulaciones sobre venta y consumo del alcohol como prevención ambiental universal

Seasonal and Time-Trend Variation by Gender of Alcohol-Impaired Drivers at Preventive Sobriety Checkpoints

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