Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Vietnam

Abstract

This systematic review examined trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and identified its risk factors among adults in Vietnam. PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Scopus databases were searched to identify relevant literature. The search yielded 10 studies, including 2 national surveys and 8 regional investigations. National prevalence estimates of T2DM were 2.7% in 2002 and 5.4% in 2012. The estimates for the northern region were 1.4% in 1994 and 3.7% in 2012 and those for the southern region were 3.8% in 2004, 7.0% in 2008, and 12.4% in 2010. The major determinants of T2DM included older age, urban residence, high levels of body and abdominal fat, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, genetic factors, and hypertension. The prevalence rate by gender was variable in both national and regional studies. There was insufficient information available on some potentially important risk factors such as smoking, dietary intake, income, and educational level. Our review signifies a rapidly growing prevalence of T2DM in Vietnam and suggests that extra effort is required to prevent and control this disease.

Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus among 193,435 Cats Attending Primary‐Care Veterinary Practices in England

“…8 Male sex has often been identified as a risk factor for development of DM in the cat 4,9,10 and DM in cats also shares several predisposing factors with Type 2 DM in people, including increasing age, physical inactivity and obesity. [9][10][11] In cats, obesity is proposed to cause insulin resistance through various mechanisms, including altered secretion of adipokine hormones and changes in lipid metabolism. 12,13 Not all obese or older cats develop DM, however, so other genetic or environmental factors might determine whether an individual eventually becomes diabetic.…”

Characterization of users at risk of developing diabetes: a cross-sectional study

“…This information is in disagreement with another study that observed a higher risk of DM2 in men due to a higher responsibility of women regarding their selfcare (21) . However, it was supported by systematic review about prevalence and incidence of risk factors for DM2 in Vietnam, in which the gender factor did not show considerable difference and pointed out the lack of consistency in the association between gender and diabetes requires further investigation (22) . Nevertheless, national and international studies respectively, revealed that men have higher risk of developing DM2 (2,23) .…”

Risk Factors for TYPE II Diabetes Mellitus: an Integrative Review

“…Studies [33][34][35][36] analyzed the factors of risk in a population of adults and observed that the risk for developing T2DM mainly relates to gender, age, family history of T2DM, physical inactivity, hypertension, high BMI, modified triglycerides, obesity/ overweight and urban residence, factors also found in the Arab population described in an integrative review [14]. This review identified and discussed most of those factors; however, two must have a better emphasis.…”