Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence in the First 6 Months Following HIV Diagnosis Among a Population-Based Sample in Rural Uganda

Ogbonnaya, Ijeoma Nwabuzor; Wanyenze, Rhoda K.; Reed, Elizabeth; Silverman, Jay G.; Kiene, Susan M.

doi:10.1007/s10461-019-02673-8

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This was expected, since existing literature indicates that, globally, the lifetime prevalence of IPV among HIV-positive women is high [3,7,11] and greater than that of the general population [1,5,11,12,62]. Our results mirror those of other East African studies [9,11], which also established emotional IPV as the most-reported form of (lifetime and recent) IPV among HIV-positive women. This is followed by physical IPV and sexual IPV.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Ipv In the Current Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Studies in resource-rich settings such as the United States of America and Canada estimate that 68-95% of HIV-positive women experience IPV [1,3]. Estimates available from sub-Saharan Africa report that the prevalence of the various forms of IPV among HIV-positive women ranges from 26% to 72% [3,[9][10][11]. Studies from East Africa indicate that HIV-positive women are 2-10 times more likely to report lifetime IPV than their HIV-negative counterparts [12][13][14]; one in three HIV-positive women experiences IPV [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intimate partner violence is a barrier to antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV-positive women: Evidence from government facilities in Kenya

et al. 2021

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Introduction Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is linked to low engagement with HIV management services and adverse clinical outcomes, including poor ART adherence. In sub-Saharan Africa, studies on pregnant/postpartum women and transactional sex workers have produced divergent evidence regarding IPV’s association with poor ART adherence. We investigate this association among a broad group of women. Methods We sampled 408 HIV-positive women receiving free ART from different types of HIV clinics at government health facilities, assessing for IPV exposure by a current partner, ART adherence rate, and other factors that affect ART adherence (e.g. education, disclosure). ART adherence rates were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS); responses were dichotomised at a ≥95% cut-off. Multiple logistic regression models assessed the association between the independent variables and ART adherence. Results The participants’ mean age was 38.6 (range: 18–69 years). The majority had ever attended school (94%, n = 382), were in monogamous marriages (70%, n = 282), and had disclosed status to partners (94%, n = 380). Overall, 60% (n = 242) reported optimal ART adherence (≥ 95%) in the previous 30 days. The prevalence of IPV by the current partner was 76% (CI95 = 72–80%). Experiencing physical IPV (AOR 0.57, CI95: 0.34–0.94, p = .028), sexual IPV (AOR 0.50, CI95: 0.31–0.82, p = .005), or controlling behaviour (AOR 0.56, CI95: 0.34–0.94, p = .027) reduced the odds of achieving optimal adherence, while a higher education level and having an HIV-positive partner increased the odds. Conclusion IPV is common and is associated with suboptimal ART adherence rates among a broad group of HIV-positive women. ART programs could consider incorporating basic IPV interventions into regular clinic services to identify, monitor and support exposed women, as they might be at risk of poor ART adherence. Still, there is need for more research on how IPV affects ART adherence.

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Section: Prevalence Of Ipv In the Current Relationshipsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate partner violence is a barrier to antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV-positive women: Evidence from government facilities in Kenya

et al. 2021

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“…Correlates of IPV in the general population in Uganda include gender norm perceptions about violence, sociodemographic characteristics, substance abuse (especially alcohol), marital dissatisfaction, and presence of sexual problems. 9 , 11 , 16 , 22 Whereas a study conducted in Uganda by Kairania et al 23 showed that HIV-positive disclosure was associated with among women living with HIV, another study showed that disclosure was protective against IPV. 11 Other factors such as testing for HIV, HIV positive result disclosure, antiretroviral therapy use, requesting for a protective sexual encounter, low education level, and being married may lead to IPV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors and Factors Associated with Counseling Seeking Behavior Against Intimate Partner Violence Among HIV-Positive Women in Southwestern Uganda

Arishaba

Kiduuma

Night

et al. 2022

HIV

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“…This might be an important factor to consider, especially regarding how condom use relates to IPV. In addition, prior studies on IPV among WLHIV in sub-Saharan Africa have found a direct relationship between IPV and gender inequality and women empowerment perceptions ( Kim et al, 2009 ; Kouyoumdjian et al, 2013 ; Ogbonnaya et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Prenatal and Postnatal Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors Among HIV-Infected Women in Rural South Africa: A Longitudinal Study

Matseke

Ruiter

Rodriguez

et al. 2021

Violence Against Women

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) has been highlighted as one of the challenges to the effectiveness of the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programs in rural areas in South Africa. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of prenatal and postnatal physical as well as psychological IPV, and corresponding time-invariant and time-varying predictors, among HIV-positive women attending PMTCT services in rural South Africa. The Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) was used to assess IPV at four time points prenatal and postnatal. This study highlighted high levels of physical and psychological IPV experienced by HIV-infected women during pregnancy and in the first year after childbirth. Time-invariant predictors and time-varying predictors of physical IPV and psychological IPV were individual, social, and behavioral factors. Multi-dimensional evidence-based interventions are needed to deal with the high levels of prenatal and postnatal physical as well as psychological IPV experienced by these women.

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Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence in the First 6 Months Following HIV Diagnosis Among a Population-Based Sample in Rural Uganda

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Intimate partner violence is a barrier to antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV-positive women: Evidence from government facilities in Kenya

Intimate partner violence is a barrier to antiretroviral therapy adherence among HIV-positive women: Evidence from government facilities in Kenya

Predictors and Factors Associated with Counseling Seeking Behavior Against Intimate Partner Violence Among HIV-Positive Women in Southwestern Uganda

Prenatal and Postnatal Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors Among HIV-Infected Women in Rural South Africa: A Longitudinal Study

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