Prevalence of anemia and its determinants in urban school-going children of Mumbai

Sabale, Rupali; Kowli, Shobha S.; Chowdary, Padmaja H.

doi:10.4103/2230-8598.123517

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Age was not significantly associated with the Hb status of adolescents in the multiple regression; however, we found that after peaking at 11 years, the Hb of females declined ( Figure S1a), which corroborates the findings of Sabale, Kowli, and Chowdary (2013) Furthermore, a unit increase in age was significantly associated with 24% higher odds of anaemia for adolescents in the multiple logistic regression. However, the inclusion of an interaction term for age and sex showed that the odds of anaemia for a unit increase in age was only significantly higher for adolescent girls and not boys.…”

Section: Results Of the Multiple Regressionssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Age was not significantly associated with the Hb status of adolescents in the multiple regression; however, we found that after peaking at 11 years, the Hb of females declined (Figure S1a), which corroborates the findings of Sabale, Kowli, and Chowdary () who found that Hb decreases significantly as age increasing from 9–15 years among Mumbai school girls aged 9–19 years. The mean age of the adolescent girls (11.2 ± 1.3 years) in the present study corresponded with the mean age of the onset of menarche in Ghana (Gumanga & Kwame‐Aryee, ; Richmond, Anthony, & Martin, ) and may partly explain our finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Agro‐ecological zone and farm diversity are factors associated with haemoglobin and anaemia among rural school‐aged children and adolescents in Ghana

Azupogo

Aurino

Gelli

et al. 2018

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Understanding contextual risk factors for haemoglobin (Hb) status and anaemia of rural school-aged children (SAC) and adolescents is critical in developing appropriate interventions to prevent anaemia. We analysed secondary data from the baseline of an impact evaluation of the Ghana School Feeding Programme to determine the severity of anaemia and contextual factors associated with anaemia and Hb status among rural SAC (6-9 years; n = 323) and adolescents (10-17 years; n = 319) in Ghana. We used regression models with variable selection based on backward elimination in our analyses. The mean Hb was 113.8 ± 13.1 g/L, and the overall prevalence of anaemia was 52.3%, being 55.1% and 49.5% among SAC and adolescents, respectively. We identified child's age (β = 2.21, P < 0.001); farm diversity score (β = 0.59, P = 0.036); and agro-ecological zone (P trend <0.001) as the main predictors of Hb of SAC. Household asset index (P trend = 0.042) and agro-ecological zone (P trend <0.001) were predictors of Hb in adolescents. Agro-ecological zone and age were predictors of anaemia, but the effect of age was only significant for girls and not boys (prevalence odds ratio [POR] = 1.35, 95% CI [1.04, 1.76] vs. POR = 1.14, 95% CI [0.88, 1.46]). SAC in households with maize stock were less likely to be anaemic (POR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.32, 0.97]). Household dietary diversity score (β = 0.59, P = 0.033) was associated with Hb status for the full sample only. Anaemia is a severe public health problem among SAC and adolescents in rural Ghana irrespective of sex. Farm diversity score, availability of maize stock in the household, household asset index, and agro-ecological zone were the main predictors of Hb and anaemia among the rural SAC and adolescents.

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Section: Results Of the Multiple Regressionssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Age was not significantly associated with the Hb status of adolescents in the multiple regression; however, we found that after peaking at 11 years, the Hb of females declined (Figure S1a), which corroborates the findings of Sabale, Kowli, and Chowdary () who found that Hb decreases significantly as age increasing from 9–15 years among Mumbai school girls aged 9–19 years. The mean age of the adolescent girls (11.2 ± 1.3 years) in the present study corresponded with the mean age of the onset of menarche in Ghana (Gumanga & Kwame‐Aryee, ; Richmond, Anthony, & Martin, ) and may partly explain our finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Agro‐ecological zone and farm diversity are factors associated with haemoglobin and anaemia among rural school‐aged children and adolescents in Ghana

Azupogo

Aurino

Gelli

et al. 2018

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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“…We found positive associations between being female and adolescent anemia which was in line with previous studies conducted in Turkey and Indonesia [9,33]. This nding could be explained by the occurrence of menarche and associated regular blood loss [8]. Further, one study from India reported that adolescent girls tended to consume fewer protein-and vitamin-rich foods compared with boys [34].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among adolescent girls and boys at 10-14 years in rural western China

Zhu

Sudfeld

Cheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Evidence on the prevalence and associated factors of anemia among young adolescent girls and boys in rural western China is limited. Methods: We used data from a follow-up study of adolescents (10-14 years) born to women who participated in a randomized trial of antenatal micronutrient supplementation in western China. Anemia was defined by World Health Organization standards. Logistic regression was used to examine the risk factors for anemia. Results: The overall prevalence of anemia was 11.7% (178/1517). Female adolescents were 1.73 (95% CI 1.21, 2.48) times more likely to have anemia as compared to males. Adolescents whose mothers had completed high school were 65% (95% CI 7%, 87%) less likely to be anemic, compared with those of whom had <3 years. Household wealth was also inversely associated with anemia. The association of puberty status with anemia was modified by adolescent sex (p-value for interaction was 0.04): males with greater than mild puberty development had 65% (95% CI 17%, 85%) reduced odds of anemia while there was no association among females (OR: 0.72, 95% CI 0.29, 1.78). Consumption of flesh foods, eggs, and having a meal frequency of three times or more per day were associated with 42% (95% CI 11%, 62%), 40% (95% CI 7%, 62%) and 32% (95% CI 4%, 52%) reduced odds of anemia, respectively. Conclusions: Anemia is a public health problem among adolescents in rural western China. Nutritional and social determinants were identified as predictors, warranting interventions to reduce the risk of anemia among this critical age group.

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“…High proportion of children (77.25%) were in moderate grade anaemia. In a similar study done by Sabale et al 10 in 461 children belonging to adolescent age group of 9-19 years from urban school children of Mumbai stated that 53.2% of children suffer from anaemia. In a Study done by Amarnath et al 11 in 540 adolescent children of Visakhapatnam district documented that prevalence of anaemia was 95.5%, which is almost similar to the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Study of Prevalence of Anaemia and Impact of Iron Supplementation in School Children

Chandran¹,

Rambabu²,

Prasad³

et al. 2016

jemds

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Anaemia is the most widespread nutrition problem in the world and has predominance in developing countries like India, particularly in children and women. The magnitude of anaemia has been well-documented in pregnant women and infants, but there is scarce data on the prevailing occurrence of anaemia in school children. The current study was undertaken to know the point prevalence of anaemia and the comparative effectiveness of twice a week iron supplementation program to daily supplementation program in enhancing the hemoglobin levels in children aged 10-14 years with different grades of anemia in high schools in and around Kakinada, East Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh. METHODSA total of 400 children in the age group of 10-14 years were included in this study from both government and private schools by random sampling. After estimating the point prevalence of anaemia by Sahli's method all the children were given a single dose anti-helminthic and the children who were anaemic were further randomly divided into two subgroups A and B and allotted to either a daily or a twice weekly iron supplementation regimen respectively. The haemoglobin was again assessed after three months. RESULTSPoint prevalence of anaemia among these children was 95.75%. Prevalence of anaemia was significantly higher amongst girls (97.8%) as compared to boys (93.9%). Prevalence of anaemia was nearly equal in government (96%) and private (95.5%) schools. Mean improvement in Hb% of 2.23gm% and 1.98gm% was seen in daily and weekly twice iron groups respectively with no significant difference between two groups. Reduction in prevalence of anemia was 86% in daily iron and 80% in weekly twice iron regimen group. Daily iron group experienced more side effects (15.1%) when compared to weekly twice iron group (8.1%). CONCLUSIONThis study shows that the point prevalence of anaemia in school children is high. Supervised iron and folic acid therapy twice a week is as effective as daily administration to lower the prevalence of anaemia with fewer side effects, less cost and better compliance.

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Prevalence of anemia and its determinants in urban school-going children of Mumbai

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Agro‐ecological zone and farm diversity are factors associated with haemoglobin and anaemia among rural school‐aged children and adolescents in Ghana

Agro‐ecological zone and farm diversity are factors associated with haemoglobin and anaemia among rural school‐aged children and adolescents in Ghana

Prevalence and associated factors of anemia among adolescent girls and boys at 10-14 years in rural western China

Study of Prevalence of Anaemia and Impact of Iron Supplementation in School Children

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