Prevalence of Anisakid Nematode Larvae Infecting Some Marine Fishes from the Libyan Coast

Abstract

This study examined eight hundred ninety six marine fishes belonging to nine different fish species; Synodus saurus; Merluccius merluccius; Trachurus mediterraneus; Serranus cabrilla; Mullus surmuletus; Diplodus annularis; Spicara maena; Siganus rirulatus and Liza ramada. The fishes were bought from fish markets at five different sites on Libyan coast, from January to December 2013, for study the anisakids larvae among them. The results showed that 344/896 fishes (38.4%) were infected with Anisakids larvae. S. saurus was the highly infected (80.9%), followed by T. mediterraneus (77.5%) but, S. cabrilla, S. maena, M. merluccius, M. surmuletus, and D. annularis were least anisakid infected showed rates of 58.2%, 53.8%, 43.7%, 36.7% & 3.6%, respectively. No parasites were in S. rirulatus and L, ramada. Ten species of Anisakids larvae was detected during the present study. Two Pseudoterranova sp. Larvae, two types of Anisakis larvae, Anisakis simplex larva and Anisakis sp. Larva, two types of Contracaecum sp. Larvae and four Hysterothylacium larvae. Females showed higher prevalence than males. The number of anisakid larvae varied according to body length and weight of infected fish, without significant difference between prevalence and seasons, but, a significant difference was between prevalence and regions.

Study of some ecological parameters in nematode parasites of freshwater fish in the Senegal and Gambia rivers

“…In Otolithoides pama from the Bay of Bengal, larger fish showed higher prevalence values (Kassem et al 2015) [20] . This could be since heavier fish consume more food that may contain parasites.…”

The oil of garlic, Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae), as a potential protectant against Anisakis spp. Type II (L3) (Nematoda) infection in Wistar rats

“…The life cycle begins when eggs are passed in the feces of marine mammals into water, where they hatch to release free-living larvae (L2), which are consumed by crustaceans and further develop into L3. When infected crustaceans are ingested by fish, the third larvae enter the body cavity and muscles (Kassem & Bowashi, 2015;Nieuwenhuizen, 2016). Humans may be accidentally infected by the L3 larvae when they ingest raw, undercooked meat of parasitized fish (Mattiucci et al, 2013).…”

“…Humans may be accidentally infected by the L3 larvae when they ingest raw, undercooked meat of parasitized fish (Mattiucci et al, 2013). The pathological effects appear when the third larvae pierce the mucosal layers of the host's gastrointestinal tract, which directly produces tissue injury and causes nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain (Kassem & Bowashi, 2015). Some patients develop an IgE-mediated "gastroallergic anisakiasis", which leads to clinical manifestations that range from urticaria to life-threating anaphylactic shock (Nieuwenhuizen, 2016).…”

Parasite infection in Serranus cabrilla (Perciformes, Serranidae): histopathological aspects and new host record for nematode genus Philometra from Aegean Sea, Turkey

“…To date, only few parasite species have been reported worldwide on the comber host: the trematode Lecithochirium musculus (Paradižnik and Radujković, 2007); the isopods Ceratothoa steindachneri (Öktener et al, 2007), Gnathia sp. (Alaş et al, 2009) and Nerocila orbigyni (Özcan et al, 2015); the anisakid nematodes such as Anisakis and Hysterothylacium (Kassem and Bowashi, 2015); the copepod Anchistrotos laqueus n. sp. (Leigh-Sharpe, 1935) and monogenoidean species Megalocotyle hexacantha and Protolamellodiscus serranelli (Strona et al, 2010).…”