Prevalence of Anterior Knee Pain and Pes Planus in Israel Defense Force Recruits

Lakstein, Dror; Fridman, Tali; Ziv, Yaron Bar; Kosashvili, Yona

doi:10.7205/milmed-d-d0-900145

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, individuals judged as having severe flatfoot (talo-first metatarsal angle greater than 15 degrees on a standing lateral radiograph) serve in the supplementary services. A previous study showed that anterior knee pain was more prevalent in individuals in the armed forces with flexible flat feet than in those with normal feet [ 15 ]. Kaufman et al reported that flat feet are a risk factor for musculoskeletal overuse injury in military trainees [ 16 ], whereas Esterman and Pilotto demonstrated that individuals with flat feet had significantly poorer subjective physical health than those with normal feet [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of backpack load on intersegmental motions of the foot and plantar pressure in individuals with mild flatfoot

Kyung

Bak

Lim

et al. 2022

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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Background The feet play an essential role in shock absorption, and foot posture is closely related to gait. The compensatory mechanism under heavy-load conditions in individuals with mild flatfoot is poorly understood. In the authors’ country, individuals with mild flatfoot are drafted as active-duty soldiers and participate in military rucking wearing heavy backpacks. This study investigated the effect of backpack load on gait and foot plantar pressure and possible differences in participants with mild flatfoot. The average weight of the backpack during military rucking (approximately 20 kg), was simulated in this study. Methods This study prospectively enrolled 30 healthy young males, divided into a control group (CON, n = 15) and a mild low-arched group (MLA, n = 15), based on the presence of flatfoot. Segmental foot kinematics were evaluated using a three-dimensional multi-segment foot model, and gait data of the temporal and spatial parameters were obtained. The dynamic plantar pressure was simultaneously measured using a pedobarography platform with gait trials. The protocol was repeated with all participants wearing 20 kg backpacks. Comparisons between the baseline and loaded states, as well as comparison between groups, were conducted. Results Although the cadence, gait speed, and stride length decreased in the loaded condition, step time and proportion of the stance phase increased in both groups. Although the MLA group showed more supinated and abducted positions of the forefoot and more pronated positions of the hindfoot than the CON group, the change in intersegmental foot and ankle motion in each group after backpack loading was minimal. However, the former showed a larger step width and a greater increase in contact area in the midfoot region, while the latter demonstrated a greater increase in peak pressure. Conclusions Individuals with mild flatfoot demonstrated significantly different gait curve patterns (waveforms) compared to the controls. In the loaded condition, the CON and MLA groups may have adopted different strategies to maintain balance during gait. We suggest that although individuals with asymptomatic mild flatfoot are drafted as active-duty soldiers, they should be thoroughly investigated under loaded conditions, and orthoses may be helpful.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of backpack load on intersegmental motions of the foot and plantar pressure in individuals with mild flatfoot

Kyung

Bak

Lim

et al. 2022

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research

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“…While complaints of ankle pain, knee pain, and back pain are quite common in the pediatric population, these symptoms may be part of a predictable constellation of findings that include low back pain, flexible flat feet, Achilles contracture, and altered gait due to increased lateral subluxation of the patella and hip flexion. While selected reports do exist about a correlation between pes planus, knee pain, and back pain, there is still no data published on the entire above constellation of symptoms [1][2][3]10]. This report details our cohort of patients who presented with back, hip, knee, ankle, or foot pain and their clinical course.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Kosashvili et al studied 92,000 Israeli adolescent military recruits and discovered a link between flat foot severity and the prevalence of anterior knee pain and intermittent low back pain, with moderate and severe flat foot being associated with nearly double the rate of knee and low back pain [1]. In 2010, a follow-up study found a 15.3% incidence of flexible flatfoot among 97,000 Israeli military recruits, with these patients also having a higher rate of anterior knee pain compared to those with flexible pes planus [2]. A third study found that patients with flat feet had 1.3 times the odds of knee pain and 1.4 times the odds of cartilage damage in adults [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Flat Foot, Short Tendo-Achilles, and Altered Gait

Malige¹,

Chang²,

Mellor³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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BackgroundPediatric patients often present with vague complaints involving the anterolateral foot and ankle, the medial knee, the lower back, and the hip. In our experience, closer examination of these patients reveals a constellation of symptoms that involve pathology in the ankle, knee, back, and hip. This study aimed to detail the identification and treatment of patients with the triad of flexible flat feet, tight Achilles complex, and altered gait, and their clinical course over time. MethodsAll patients of age 18 years or younger who presented to our urban academic center outpatient clinic with foot, ankle, patellar, low back, or hip pain or pathology were included. Patients with identified tarsal coalitions, accessory naviculars, malalignment syndrome, bone cysts or tumors, soft tissue tumors, arthropathy, neuropathy, infection, limb length inequality, patellar subluxation or dislocation, or spinal pathology were excluded. For each patient, demographic information, symptom description, treatment, and clinical course, including the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) was recorded. ResultsA total of 62 patients were included in our study. Patients mostly presented with low back pain (n=24, 38.7%), medial patellar pain (n=36, 58.1%), anterolateral ankle pain (n=35, 56.5%), and vague foot pain (n=13, 21.0%). Overall, 53.8% of patients with back pain at the initial visit, 35.0% of patients with knee pain, 44.4% of patients with ankle pain and 80.0% of patients with foot pain improved at final follow up. While patient-reported sports and recreation subscale scores demonstrated a significant improvement at the final follow-up compared to baseline scores (p=0.02), all other scores did not significantly differ compared to baseline scores. At final follow-up, 12 of 26 (46.2%) patients reported being able to return to play in their desired sport. ConclusionComplaints of back, hip, knee, ankle, or foot pain in the pediatric population can be early markers for a constellation of conditions that include low back pain, flexible flat feet, Achilles contracture, and altered gait due to increased lateral subluxation of the patella and hip flexion.

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“…A population of female homemakers were chosen because as in the earlier studies, Anterior Knee pain is originally a female dominant condition (mainly in adolescent females). Previous studies found out the probable causes for increased incidences of Anterior Knee pain in women may be due to anatomic factors, namely increased Q angle , increased lateral thrust on the patella and decreased muscular strength, hormonal factors like the effects of oestrogen on connective tissue synthesis and postural factors like wearing high heels and sitting with adducted legs, may explain this propensity [1] . However, there were no enough evidences that explained the relationship between lower extremity alignment alteration and Anterior Knee pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were some studies conducted on Military recruits in Israel and one on the Canadian population. [1,5] But there was no study that explained the relationship between Lower extremity alignment alteration (Pes planus) and Anterior knee pain among Obese housewives especially in the Indian population. The main objective of the study was to find whether there is a correlation between Anterior Knee pain and Pes Planus among Obese Homemakers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Pes Planus (Flat Foot) and Anterior Knee Pain (Patello-Femoral Pain Syndrome) Among Obese Homemakers

Thakore

2024

Int J Health Sci Res

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Background: Pes planus causes tibial rotation, that has been suggested to link movements in the foot and lower leg, so an abnormal alignment of the foot can affect the mechanics of the patellofemoral joint which leads to pain. This leads to Anterior Knee pain that aggravates on activities like: Ascending stairs, Kneeling, Frequent sitting and rising. Musculoskeletal disease is a major cause of pain and disability in the community, although it has minimal impact on mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that even small changes in weight-bearing activity, like walking, are sufficient to cause musculoskeletal pain in the obese. Objective: To find out the correlation between Pes planus and Anterior knee pain in obese homemakers. Methods: An observational study was conducted in the community of Anand, Nadiad and Ahmedabad. Depending on the selection criteria, participants were selected and informed consent was signed. The respondents were then requested to offer their demographic information. Statistical analysis was done by first calculating the descriptive analysis and then using Pearson’s correlation to find out the association between Pes Planus and Anterior knee pain. Results: The correlation of Arch Index with Kujala was weak positive (+0.269) and the correlation of Foot posture index-06 with Kujala is excellent (+0.990). Conclusions: The study showed an Excellent correlation between Pes Planus (FPI-06) and Anterior Knee pain; and a weak positive correlation between Arch Index and ix Anterior knee pain among Obese (according to the Asian BMI criteria) Homemakers. This means that as the Pes Planus is present there is a high possibility of occurrence of Anterior Knee pain Key words: Flat Foot, Pes planus, Anterior knee pain, Patello femoral pain syndrome, Obesity, Homemakers

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Prevalence of Anterior Knee Pain and Pes Planus in Israel Defense Force Recruits

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of backpack load on intersegmental motions of the foot and plantar pressure in individuals with mild flatfoot

The effect of backpack load on intersegmental motions of the foot and plantar pressure in individuals with mild flatfoot

Flexible Flat Foot, Short Tendo-Achilles, and Altered Gait

Correlation Between Pes Planus (Flat Foot) and Anterior Knee Pain (Patello-Femoral Pain Syndrome) Among Obese Homemakers

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