Prevalence of antibiotic (β-lactams, tetracycline, metronidazole, erythromycin) resistance genes in periodontic infections

Freitas, D. B. de; Gonçalves, Lara; Coelho, Maria João; Ferraz, Maria Pia; Magalhaes, R. Soares; Piña, Cristina; Cardoso, Inês Lopes

doi:10.15761/crt.1000280

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This finding replicates what was observed in the study of the two ancient samples from Dalheim, Germany that we included in our analyses [3]. This gene is present in T. forsythia's reference genome and has been found at varying frequencies (8-80%) among periodontitis patients in Europe [51,52] and the USA [53], while in Latin American populations, it is present at high frequencies [54]. Our observations suggest that this gene might have arisen under recent selective pressures; however, this is an open question that remains to be evaluated once a larger dataset becomes available.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Paleogenomic insights into the red complex bacteria Tannerella forsythia in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial individuals from Mexico

Bravo-Lopez

Villa-Islas

Arriaga

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The ‘red complex’ is an aggregate of three oral bacteria ( Tannerella forsythia , Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola ) responsible for severe clinical manifestation of periodontal disease. Here, we report the first direct evidence of ancient T. forsythia DNA in dentin and dental calculus samples from archaeological skeletal remains that span from the Pre-Hispanic to the Colonial period in Mexico. We recovered twelve partial ancient T. forsythia genomes and observed a distinct phylogenetic placement of samples, suggesting that the strains present in Pre-Hispanic individuals likely arrived with the first human migrations to the Americas and that new strains were introduced with the arrival of European and African populations in the sixteenth century. We also identified instances of the differential presence of genes between periods in the T. forsythia ancient genomes, with certain genes present in Pre-Hispanic individuals and absent in Colonial individuals, and vice versa . This study highlights the potential for studying ancient T. forsythia genomes to unveil past social interactions through analysis of disease transmission. Our results illustrate the long-standing relationship between this oral pathogen and its human host, while also unveiling key evidence to understand its evolutionary history in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial Mexico. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Insights into health and disease from ancient biomolecules'.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Paleogenomic insights into the red complex bacteria Tannerella forsythia in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial individuals from Mexico

Bravo-Lopez

Villa-Islas

Arriaga

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Amoxicillin is the most commonly prescribed antibiotic among Iraqi dentists, followed by amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav) [7]. Amoxicillin is one of the penicillin antibiotic families that acts mainly against gram-negative bacteria [30,31]. The dosage for amoxicillin is 500 mg every 8 explanation for this practice could be an intention to prevent infection during endodontic procedures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dentists' attitudes and prescription practices for analgesics and antibiotics in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq

Mahdi,

Ibrahim

2023

JMedLife

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The inappropriate use of analgesics and antibiotics is a widespread issue among dentists globally, leading to the risk of over-prescription that could negatively affect patient health and quality of life. This study aimed to assess the prescribing patterns of analgesics and antibiotics by dentists in Kirkuk City, Iraq, focusing on their attitudes, knowledge levels, and practices regarding these medications. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 280 dentists in Kirkuk City. The dentists were contacted via their work email addresses, and they responded to a survey. Descriptive statistics, including frequency analysis, were employed to evaluate the appropriateness of analgesic and antibiotic prescriptions for different dental conditions. The first-choice analgesic for 44.6% of dentists was mefenamic acid, followed by paracetamol (31.1%). Regarding antibiotic use, 56.8% of dentists in Kirkuk City reported using antibiotics for empirical and direct therapy. Other dentists (43.2%) revealed that they did not have enough information regarding antibiotic group preference in empirical therapy. 106 of the participants (37.85%) recommended the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, most (45%) were unfamiliar with the group preferences in empirical therapy. Dentists in Kirkuk City showed variations in knowledge and awareness regarding using analgesics and antibiotics. This requires further education and training on proper analgesics and antibiotic stewardship guidelines.

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“…Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic that acts against Gram-negative bacilli [ 6 , 35 ]. Amoxicillin is commonly considered to be the first line of treatment in nonallergic patients [ 36 ].…”

Section: The Most Common Prescribed Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Therapy in Dentistry

Ahmadi

Ebrahimi

Ahmadi

2021

International Journal of Dentistry

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Dental caries, pulpal necrosis, trauma, and periodontal diseases can result in dental infections which could have severe consequences that affect both soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Dental infections commonly present with symptoms of pain, fever, and swelling. Surgical and endodontic treatments are the early management of infected teeth, followed by antibiotic therapy. Some alternative methods also exist for treating infection such as low-level laser therapy and photodynamic therapy. Antibiotics are generally used in dental procedures to treat odontogenic infections, nonodontogenic infections, local infection, focal infection, and prophylaxis. Antibiotic prophylaxis is prescribed for patients with immunosuppressed conditions, infective endocarditis, metabolic disorders, and patients with prosthetic joints. To reduce the complications of unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions especially bacterial resistance, comprehensive guidelines should be established. It has been noted that only about 12% of dentists adequately and correctly prescribe antibiotics, which shows the importance of comprehensive guidelines. Antibiotics prescription may result in some adverse effects such as hypersensitivity reactions and dermatological and allergic disorders. Furthermore, unnecessary prescription of antibiotics could result in several serious sequelae, for example, bacterial resistance, gastric and hematological problems, and diversion of bacterial microbiota. The present review attempts to summarize the indications of antibiotic therapy in dentistry and discuss the common types of antibiotics that are routinely used in dental practice based on pharmacologic classes. Moreover, types of antibiotics that are considered safe during pregnancy and childhood are also reviewed.

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Prevalence of antibiotic (β-lactams, tetracycline, metronidazole, erythromycin) resistance genes in periodontic infections

Cited by 7 publications

References 21 publications

Paleogenomic insights into the red complex bacteria Tannerella forsythia in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial individuals from Mexico

Paleogenomic insights into the red complex bacteria Tannerella forsythia in Pre-Hispanic and Colonial individuals from Mexico

Dentists' attitudes and prescription practices for analgesics and antibiotics in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq

Antibiotic Therapy in Dentistry

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