Prevalence of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and mental health conditions among an alopecia areata cohort from a <scp>US</scp> administrative claims database

George, Prethibha; Jagun, Oladayo; Liu, Qing; Wentworth, Charles; Napatalung, Lynne; Wołk, Robert; Anway, Susan D.; Zwillich, Samuel H.

doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16839

Cited by 6 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This is consistent with the findings from two recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and several large studies conducted in the USA, Europe, and Japan [ 11 , 18 , 22 ]. In the most recent systematic review and meta-analysis that included 102 studies, patients with AA had higher odds of having atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and unspecified atopic conditions [ 13 ]. In the same study, AA was positively associated with the risk of presenting several thyroid diseases and notably those with an autoimmune origin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When compared with controls without AA, these studies have shown that AA is associated with an increased prevalence of various comorbid conditions, especially atopic, autoimmune, and psychiatric disorders. A recent analysis of a national administrative claims database in the USA also observed higher rates for several autoimmune, inflammatory, and mental health conditions in patients with AA compared to a matched cohort of subjects without AA [ 13 ]. Similar findings were reported in two large studies conducted in Denmark and the UK [ 14 – 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the prevalence of comorbid conditions in patients with AA has been extensively studied, there is still limited evidence available regarding AA characteristics and therapeutic management in adults who present with concomitant comorbid conditions. One study conducted in the USA suggested an association between severity of AA hair loss and the presence of atopic, autoimmune, or psychiatric disorders [ 13 ]. Two other studies using data from claims databases in the USA and in Japan found that comorbid conditions were more commonly reported in patients with more severe forms of AA [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Management of Patients with Alopecia Areata and Selected Comorbid Conditions: Results from a Survey in Five European Countries

Vañó-Galván,

Egeberg,

Piraccini

et al. 2024

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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Introduction Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition that causes non-scarring hair loss and can impose a high psychosocial burden on patients. The presence of comorbid conditions may impact the management of AA in clinical practice. This analysis aims to describe disease characteristics and management of AA in patients with concomitant atopic, autoimmune, and psychiatric comorbid conditions. Methods Data were collected from the Adelphi Disease Specific Programme™, a cross-sectional survey of physicians and their adult patients with AA conducted in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK between October 2021 and June 2022. Patients’ disease severity was based on physician’s definition. Physician-reported data on demographics, AA clinical characteristics, comorbid conditions, and information related to AA therapies were analyzed. Analyses were descriptive. Results Overall, 239 dermatologists provided data for 2083 patients, of which 558 patients (27%) had at least one atopic, autoimmune, or psychiatric comorbid conditions. The most common comorbid conditions were atopic dermatitis, autoimmune thyroid disease, and anxiety. The mean (standard deviation) patient age for the three comorbidity groups was 37.6 years (12.1) and 56% of the patients were women ( n = 313). In the three comorbidity groups, 51%, 50%, and 55% of patients with atopic, autoimmune, and psychiatric comorbidities had severe AA with disease progression reported as worsening in 30%, 28%, and 30%, respectively, whereas in the group with no comorbidities, 37% were described as having severe AA and 21% getting worse. Scalp hair loss was the primary sign reported across the three groups of comorbid conditions (atopic, 91%; autoimmune, 91%; psychiatric, 88%). Patients with preselected comorbidities presented more frequently AA-related signs and symptoms beyond scalp hair loss than patients without comorbid conditions. These patients were also more likely to receive topical calcineurin inhibitors, topical immunotherapy, conventional systemic immunosuppressants, and oral Janus kinase inhibitors for the treatment of their AA. Conclusion This analysis provided insights into the burden and management of AA in patients presenting with atopic, autoimmune, and psychiatric comorbid conditions in five European countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Management of Patients with Alopecia Areata and Selected Comorbid Conditions: Results from a Survey in Five European Countries

Vañó-Galván,

Egeberg,

Piraccini

et al. 2024

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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“…2 The condition can be debilitating and it is associated with increased anxiety and depression noted among AA patients. 3 A survey study with over 500 participants reported poorer quality of life, negative psychological influence, and emotional burden due to AA. 4 Unfortunately, the etiology of AA is still not well known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evolution of AA is also highly variable with some reporting isolated patches of hair loss that resolve within months to other individuals experiencing chronic recalcitrant alopecia 2 . The condition can be debilitating and it is associated with increased anxiety and depression noted among AA patients 3 . A survey study with over 500 participants reported poorer quality of life, negative psychological influence, and emotional burden due to AA 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross‐sectional analysis of medications used by patients reporting alopecia areata on the FDA adverse events reporting system

Ravipati,

Pradeep,

Tosti

2024

Int J Dermatology

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BackgroundAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune condition that leads to patchy, nonscarring hair loss. Its etiology remains unknown; the condition can be debilitating for patients, impacting their psychosocial wellbeing. Various triggers have been reported, ranging from genetic predisposition and infections to environmental factors. Medications have also been thought to be an inciting factor in AA.MethodsUsing the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS), all cases reporting AA as an adverse event were used to capture associated medications and patient characteristics.ResultsThere were 1,331 AA cases reported as an adverse event with medication use. Monoclonal antibodies accounted for 6 out of the top 10 drugs associated with the highest number of AA cases. Males were more likely to report AA when taking adalimumab (OR: 1.79, P = 0.04) and dupilumab (OR: 2.56, P = 0.03) compared to females. Individuals between 42 and 64 years old accounted for 46.7% of AA cases. Lastly, females in older age groups showed greater odds of developing AA compared to males (OR: 1.03, P < 0.01).ConclusionsBased on the FAERS, there has been a steady rise in AA cases, and monoclonal antibodies were the most frequently cited medication class tied to AA. With a dearth of literature on triggers and patient demographics, we sought to describe features of AA cases that could increase awareness and be used to improve future clinical outcomes in patients.

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Incidence Rates of Infections, Malignancies, Thromboembolism, and Cardiovascular Events in an Alopecia Areata Cohort from a US Claims Database

George¹,

Jagun²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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Introduction Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease with an underlying immuno-inflammatory pathogenesis. Treatments can include systemic corticosteroids and immunomodulators (such as Janus kinase inhibitors); these medications may be associated with a risk of some adverse events. However, large-scale observational studies of baseline incidence rates (IRs) of infection, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and thromboembolism in US patients with AA, including those with alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis (AT/AU), are limited. This real-world, US claims-based study aimed to estimate the incidence of events in patients with AA compared with matched patients without AA. Methods Patients aged ≥ 12 years enrolled in the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart database from 1 October 2016 to 30 September 2020, with ≥ 2 AA diagnosis codes were included in the AA cohort. Patients without AA were age-, sex-, and race-matched 3:1 to patients with AA. Baseline comorbidities were evaluated during the 12-month period pre-index date. Incident cases of serious/herpes infections, malignancies, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and thromboembolic events were evaluated post-index date. Data are presented using descriptive statistics, proportional percentages, frequencies, and IRs (calculated with 95% CI). Results Overall, 8784 patients with AA, 599 of whom had AT/AU, were matched to 26,352 patients without AA. IRs per 1000 person-years among the AA and non-AA cohorts, respectively, were 18.5 and 20.6 for serious infections, 19.5 and 9.7 for herpes simplex infections, 7.8 and 7.6 for herpes zoster infections, 12.5 and 11.6 for primary malignancies, 16.0 and 18.1 for MACE, and 4.9 and 6.1 for venous thromboembolisms. Compared with patients with non-AT/AU AA, patients with AT/AU largely had higher IRs for most baseline comorbidities and outcome events evaluated. Conclusion Patients with AA had a higher IR of herpes simplex infection than the matched non-AA cohort. Patients with AT/AU generally had higher rates of outcome events than patients without AT/AU. Graphical Abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13555-023-00937-9.

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Prevalence of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and mental health conditions among an alopecia areata cohort from a US administrative claims database

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Characteristics and Management of Patients with Alopecia Areata and Selected Comorbid Conditions: Results from a Survey in Five European Countries

Characteristics and Management of Patients with Alopecia Areata and Selected Comorbid Conditions: Results from a Survey in Five European Countries

A cross‐sectional analysis of medications used by patients reporting alopecia areata on the FDA adverse events reporting system

Incidence Rates of Infections, Malignancies, Thromboembolism, and Cardiovascular Events in an Alopecia Areata Cohort from a US Claims Database

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