Prevalence of Bacterial Agents in <i>Ixodes persulcatus</i> Ticks from the Vologda Province of Russia

Eremeeva, Marina E.; Oliveira, Alice Carvalho de; Robinson, Jennilee B.; Ribakova, Nina; Токаревич, Н. К.; Dasch, Gregory A.

doi:10.1196/annals.1374.054

Cited by 40 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…However, A. phagocytophilum-infected ticks were not found in the Tver region located to the north-west of the Konakovo region. The prevalence rates were similar to those previously reported in other European countries (Blanco & Oteo, 2002) and other regions in Russia (Alekseev et al, 2001;Eremeeva et al, 2006;Rar et al, 2005;Shpynov et al, 2006). This finding indicates that both I. ricinus and I. persulcatus maintain this pathogen, and leads us to speculate that the infected ticks are distributed in a limited area in the region.…”

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confidence: 79%

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Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and its coinfection with Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks inhabiting Tver Province (Russia) – a sympatric region for both tick species

Masuzawa

Kharitonenkov

Okamoto

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) are tick-borne infectious diseases caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species, respectively. In this study, p44/msp2 paralogues specific to A. phagocytophilum and 5S-23S rRNA gene-intergenic spacers specific to B. burgdorferi sensu lato species were detected by PCR in ticks collected in two regions, Tver (Kalinin) and Konakovo, of the Tver (Kalinin) Province located 150 km north-west of Moscow. The PCR amplicons obtained were further characterized by sequencing and RFLP analysis. In the total of 199 ticks collected, 8.8 % (7/80) and 33.8 % (27/80) of Ixodes ricinus, and 2.5 % (3/119) and 45.4 % (54/119) of Ixodes persulcatus, were found to be infected with A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi sensu lato spp., respectively. Of those 199 ticks, 5 (2.5 %) were coinfected with A. phagocytophilum and Borrelia afzelii. Phylogenetic analysis revealed unique p44/msp2 paralogous genes in A. phagocytophiluminfected Russian ticks. The sequence similarities with those of A. phagocytophilum in the United States, UK and Japan ranged from 42 % to 80.4 %, and there were no sequences showing more than 90 % similarity with those sequences from the other countries. The results showed that the p44/msp2 sequence similarity groups may provide an index of adaptation of A. phagocytophilum strains to specific vector ticks or reservoir hosts in different countries and areas. These findings suggest that there is a public health threat from HGA and LB in Tver Province surrounding Moscow. INTRODUCTIONHuman granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) and Lyme borreliosis (LB) are tick-borne and emerging infectious diseases caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophila, revised by Dumler et al., 2001) and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato species. HGA is a febrile systemic illness and the severity of this disease ranges from asymptomatic seroconversion to death. The first case of human infection by A. phagocytophilum was found in the United States in 1994 (Chen et al., 1994). Since then, the number of patients has increased in the United States (Dumler et al., 2005). In Europe, the first human cases of this disease were described in 1997 (Petrovec et al., 1997), and serological and PCR analyses suggest that A. phagocytophilum is distributed throughout Europe and in some parts of the Middle East and Asia (Blanco & Oteo, 2002;Cao et al., 2000; Heo et al., 2002;Keysary et al., 1999). LB is the most common tick-borne infectious disease in the Northern Hemisphere (Masuzawa, 2004;Steere, 2001 METHODSSurvey area and tick sampling. During the summer of 2002, unfed adult ticks (I. persulcatus and I. ricinus) were collected from vegetation by a dragging method using 1 m 2 flannel flags, in the Tver (Kalinin) and Konakovo regions of the Tver Province, which are located 110-150 km north-west from Moscow. Vegetation in the survey area consists of Russian plain and forest (aspen, firs and birches) with bushes. The areas are mostly forest with l...

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confidence: 79%

“…In Russia, A. phagocytophilum were detected from I. ricinus ticks collected in the Baltic region (Alekseev et al 2001) and from Ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in Vologda Province (Eremeeva et al, 2006), in Western Siberia (Rar et al, 2005), and in a survey area from the Urals to the Far East of Russia (Shpynov et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and its coinfection with Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks inhabiting Tver Province (Russia) – a sympatric region for both tick species

Masuzawa

Kharitonenkov

Okamoto

et al. 2008

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…More recently, Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected in the ticks and deer in Japan (Kawahara et al 2006, Ohashi et al 2005. I. persulcatus is distributed in Russia and Far East Asia, and has been implicated as the vector of several human pathogens such as Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Ehrichia muris, A. phagocytophilium (Eremeeva et al 2006) and A. phagocytodelum (Cao et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tertiary structure-related activity of tick defensin (persulcatusin) in the taiga tick, Ixodes persulcatus

Isogai

Okumura

et al. 2010

Exp Appl Acarol

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Defensins are small cysteine-rich cationic proteins found in both vertebrates and invertebrates constituting the front line of host innate immunity. To examine the importance of the tertiary structure of tick defensin in its antimicrobial activity, we synthesized two types of the peptides with tertiary structure or primary one on basis of the information of the sequence in the defensin originated from the taiga tick, Ixodes persulcatus. Chemically synthesized peptides were used to investigate the activity spectrum against Staphylococcus aureus, Borrelia garinii and flora-associated bacteria. Both synthetic peptides showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus in short-time killing within 1 h, but they do not show the activity against B. garinii, Stenotrophomonas maltophila and Bacillus spp., which were frequently isolated from the midgut of I. persulcatus. The teriary structure brought more potent activity to S. aureus than primary one in short-time killing. We also examined its antimicrobial activity by evaluation of growth inhibition in the presence of the synthetic peptides. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was ranged from 1.2 to 5.0 μg/ml in tertiary peptide and from 10 to 40 μg/ml in primary peptide, when 10 strains of S. aureus were used. From the curve of cumulative inhibition rates, MIC50 (MIC which half of the strains showed) to S. aureus is about 1.2 μg/ml in the peptide with tertiary structure and about 10 μg/ml in the linear one. Corynebacterium renale is 10 times or more sensitive to tertiary peptide than primary one. In conclusion, the presence of 3 disulfide bridges, which stabilize the molecule and maintain the tertiary structure, is considered to have an effect on their antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus.

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“…"Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae" was identified in Ixodes persulcatus ticks with a high prevalence in Russia (320). This tick replaces I. ricinus in northern Russia and Finland (321).…”

Section: Nonvalidated Incompletely Described or Uncultivated Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

et al. 2013

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SUMMARY Tick-borne rickettsioses are caused by obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the spotted fever group of the genus Rickettsia . These zoonoses are among the oldest known vector-borne diseases. However, in the past 25 years, the scope and importance of the recognized tick-associated rickettsial pathogens have increased dramatically, making this complex of diseases an ideal paradigm for the understanding of emerging and reemerging infections. Several species of tick-borne rickettsiae that were considered nonpathogenic for decades are now associated with human infections, and novel Rickettsia species of undetermined pathogenicity continue to be detected in or isolated from ticks around the world. This remarkable expansion of information has been driven largely by the use of molecular techniques that have facilitated the identification of novel and previously recognized rickettsiae in ticks. New approaches, such as swabbing of eschars to obtain material to be tested by PCR, have emerged in recent years and have played a role in describing emerging tick-borne rickettsioses. Here, we present the current knowledge on tick-borne rickettsiae and rickettsioses using a geographic approach toward the epidemiology of these diseases.

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Prevalence of Bacterial Agents in Ixodes persulcatus Ticks from the Vologda Province of Russia

Cited by 40 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and its coinfection with Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks inhabiting Tver Province (Russia) – a sympatric region for both tick species

Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and its coinfection with Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks inhabiting Tver Province (Russia) – a sympatric region for both tick species

Tertiary structure-related activity of tick defensin (persulcatusin) in the taiga tick, Ixodes persulcatus

Update on Tick-Borne Rickettsioses around the World: a Geographic Approach

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