Prevalence of Boko Haram crisis related depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology among internally displaced persons in Yobe state, North East, Nigeria

Umar, Usman Ibrahim; Abubakar.Aliyui, Alhaji; Abdulhakeem.A, Aboyemi Olorukooba; Mohammed, Abdulaziz; Muhammad, Asiya; Sabitu, Kabir; Mohammed, Bomoi Idriss; Balogun, Muhammad Shakir; Mohammed, Bammami Isa

doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100590

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…During the events, victimized internally displaced persons experienced a variety of mental health problems, particularly depression and post-traumatic disorders (4). Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder associated with witnessing and being exposed to stressful life events, including murder threats, kidnapping, loss, and starvation (4). More importantly, if the displacements are prolonged, the person will experience more behavioral problems (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Koshe,

Jarso,

Walde

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionDespite the prevalence of post-traumatic disorder in internally displaced persons, which is well established, and the fact that respective international organizations are working on the issues, little attention is given in the context of sub-Saharan Africa, This study aims to review the available data about the prevalence and determinants of post-traumatic stress disorders among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsStudies published in the English language that have a clear outcome of interest and are available in full text were included. Six electronic databases were searched to identify published studies on the prevalence and determinants of posttraumatic stress disorder among IDPs in sub-Saharan Africa. This includes PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, PsychInfo, and the Web of Science. All relevant studies till June, 2023 were assessed. The review was done as per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA-2009) and registered on PROSPERO (CRD420222997111).ResultsOriginally, 33,138 articles were found in six databases, and finally, eleven studies were reviewed. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in sub-Saharan African countries was disproportionately presented in this review, ranging from 12.3% in Central Sudan to 85.5% in Nigeria. From a total of 11 studies, eight of them reported more than 50% of the magnitude of post-traumatic stress disorder, pointing to a higher magnitude of the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders in the region. The study identified numerous factors that contributed to post-traumatic stress disorder among the internally displaced population. Female gender, depression, anxiety, stress, being single, low level of educational status, experiencing or witnessing traumatic events, and psychological trauma were evidenced for their association with post-traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionThese results demonstrate a higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder compared to other regions of the world. The participants’ socio-demographic characteristics, including age, being single, being female, and a low level of education, were identified as factors contributing to PTSD. Moreover, the review identified that depression, anxiety, and experiencing or witnessing traumatic events were also influencing factors for PTSD among IDPs. The concerned bodies need to reinforce the monitoring and evaluation of the mental health programs of IDPs in the region.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=299711, CRD42022299711.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Koshe,

Jarso,

Walde

et al. 2023

Front. Psychiatry

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“…12 The most commonly reported mental health problems were depression and post-traumatic disorders. 13 Stressors, such as unemployment, poor socioeconomic conditions, and lack of social integration can increase the risk of developing mental health conditions and worsen pre-existing ones. 14 A meta-analysis of the rates of PTSD and major depression in the global adult population of war survivors revealed that 242 million and 238 million of them have PTSD and major depressive disorder, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression and Associated Factors Among Internally Displaced Persons in Al-Galgala, Sudan

Mohamed,

Kheir

2024

NDT

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Conflict and war can have profound psychological and physical consequences, including the displacement of civilians. Sudan currently has the greatest child displacement crisis and the highest number of displaced individuals worldwide. Stressors, such as unemployment, poor socioeconomic conditions, and lack of social integration can increase the risk of developing mental health conditions and worsen pre-existing ones. This study aims to determine the prevalence of PTSD and depression and to investigate the association of sociodemographic and displacement characteristics with both PTSD and depression. Patients and Methods: An observational descriptive cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among 143 IDPs, in Al-Galgala village, Sudan. The data was collected by seven, well-trained individuals over 2 weeks. The PTSD Checklist -Civilian version (PCL-C) scale was used for PTSD symptoms, and the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) scale was used for depression symptoms. The diagnostic criteria for PTSD and depression symptoms were based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) . Descriptive statistics and Binary Logistic Regression analysis were adopted to determine the predictors for PTSD and depression symptoms. A P-value of 0.05 or lower was considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of PTSD symptoms was found to be 25% based on DSM-IV symptoms' criteria and that of depression was 62%. Moreover, 23.1% of the participants had comorbid depression and PTSD symptoms. Being female (AOR = 8.434, 95% CI [1.026-69.325]), and having depression increased the risk of developing PTSD (AOR = 45.631, 95% ). Whereas, being older (40-59 years) (AOR = 6.473, 95% CI [1.054-39.766]) and having PTSD (AOR = 24.736, 95% ) increased the risk of developing depression. Conclusion:The estimated prevalence of PTSD and depression among IDPs in Al-Galgala, Sudan was found to be relatively high. This study revealed that depression, gender, occupation, education, and with whom you are currently staying were significantly associated with PTSD. In contrast, factors associated with depression were PTSD, age, and the duration of exposure to the armed conflict. The mental health among IDPs needs to be prioritized by implementing effective programs and providing psychosocial support to civilians residing in post-conflict regions.

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Magnitude and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among war-affected internally displaced people in northwest Ethiopia, 2022

Tadesse,

Yitayih,

Gashaw

et al. 2024

SAGE Open Medicine

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Background: A large number of people are often directly involved in armed conflict and, therefore, are at greater risk of developing a wide range of mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder. Despite this, few have been reported about it in low- and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. Objective: This study was carried out to assess the magnitude and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among war-affected internally displaced people in northwest Ethiopia, 2022. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was conducted from May 23 to June 22, 2022, and simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 412 participants. Data were collected by structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. The post-traumatic stress disorder checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition with extended criteria-A was used to assess post-traumatic stress disorder. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. Results: A total of 412 participants were interviewed with the response rate of 100%. The mean age of the respondents was 34.7 (±10.9) years. The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was found to be 60.98% (95% CI: 56.1%, 65.5%) with an estimated prevalence of 23.5% and 76.5% among males and females, respectively. In multivariable analysis, female sex (AOR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.48, 3.86), having depression (AOR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.78, 4.60), family history of mental illness (AOR = 3.67; 95% CI: 1.43, 9.42), and poor social support (AOR = 3.61; 95% CI: 1.74, 7.47) were factors significantly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder at p-value < 0.05. Conclusion and recommendation: Based on this study, at least 6 out of 10 war-affected populations have experienced post-traumatic stress disorder. Especially females, those who had depression, family history of mental illness, and poor social support, were more vulnerable to post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, it is recommended to do on-site screening and provide treatment for all displaced populations suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder by giving special concern for females, individuals having depression, poor social support, and family history of mental illness.

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Prevalence of Boko Haram crisis related depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology among internally displaced persons in Yobe state, North East, Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression and Associated Factors Among Internally Displaced Persons in Al-Galgala, Sudan

Magnitude and factors associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among war-affected internally displaced people in northwest Ethiopia, 2022

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