Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Apparent Density of Tsetse and Other Biting Flies in Mandura District, Northwest Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2014 to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and the apparent density of tsetse and other biting flies in four peasant associations of Mandura district. For the prevalence study, dark phase contrast buffy coat examination and Giemsa stained thin blood smears were used. Whereas for the entomological survey and apparent density of flies, traps were deployed. The entomological survey indicated that Glossina tachnoides was the only tsetse fly species caught in the study area along with other biting flies like Haematopota, Stomoxys and Tabanus. Apparent tsetse flies density of 0.06 flies/trap/ day was recorded in the district. For the prevalence study, out of a total of 405 cattle examined, 22 (5.43%) were found infected with trypanosomes. Highest prevalence was recorded in cattle with poor body condition (7.06%) followed by medium (5.20%) and god (3.92%). This study showed no significant difference (P>0.05) in trypanosomosis infection rate among peasant associations, age, body condition and sex of the animal. The overall mean PCV value of examined cattle is 29.29 ± 4.813 ‫;94.221=|‪t‬|(‬ df=404; P=0.00). The mean PCV of non infected cattle was slightly higher (29.30%) than that of infected animals (29.27%). Among the species of trypanosomes isolated, Trypanosoma vivax was identified to be the major causes of trypanosomosis in the study area accounting for 81.82% of the total infections observed followed by Trypanosoma congolense (18.18%). Taken as a whole, the present work evidenced that tsetse and trypanosomosis has continued to pose a considerable threat to cattle of the study area warranting an integrated control to safeguard cattle production and productivity.

Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Diga District, Western Ethiopia

“…These findings suggest that certain factors such as age, body condition, and coat color may contribute to the susceptibility of cattle to trypanosomosis in the study area. This result agrees with previous reports [19][20]. This showed that animals with poor body condition are highly susceptible to trypanosomosis infection when compared with animals with good body condition.…”

“…The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was found to be 5.73%, indicating the presence of the disease in the study area. The present finding was comparable with the study conducted by [15] who reported an overall prevalence of 7.81 in their study on prevalence of bovine trypanasomosis in Guto Gida district of East Wollega Zone, Oromia Regional State, [16] who reported 8.96 % in their study on Epidemiology of bovine Trypanosomosis in Kamashi District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia, [17] whose finding showed 6% prevalence in his study on prevalence of bovine and host related risk factors in the neighboring Jawi district of the Amhara regional state south west of Ethiopia, [18] whose report showed 5.58 % prevalence in their study on trypanosomosis in Cattle Population of Pawi District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia, [19] who reported 5.43% prevalence in in their study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and Apparent Density of Tsetse and Other Biting Flies in Dangur district of the Benishagul Gumuz region, western Ethiopia and [20] who reported 7.33% in their study on Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in Pawi District of the Benishngul Gumuz Region, North Western Ethiopia. However, the present finding was slightly lower than the studies made by [21] in the neighboring Dangur district who reported 11.27% in their study on trypanosomosis and its associated risks in cattle population, [18] who reported 13.30% in their study on Epidemiology of Cattle Trypanosomosis and Associated Anaemia in Mandura District of the Benishangul Gumuz regional state, west Ethiopia.…”

A Study on Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Associated Risk Factors in Bulen District of the Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia

“…Higher prevalence of trypanosomosis was observed 11/80(13.75 %) in animals with poor body condition when compared with animals with medium 5/147 (3.40 %) and good 2/77 (2.60 %) body condition and the association was found statistically significant (p<0.05) and this finding was in agreement with study carried out by and who reported higher trypanosome infection rate in animals with poor body condition than in animals with good and medium body condition. Similarly, higher prevalence was registered in animals aged > years 10/132(7.58 %) when compared with animals 2-5 years5/107(4.68 %) and <2 years3/67(4.48 %) and statistically significant associations were not observed (p>0.05) and this finding was in agreement with previous worker who reported higher prevalence of trypanosome infection in adult animals than young in their study on Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in Chilga District, Northwest Ethiopia [20,33,34,35].…”

“…The present study revealed an overall 18/306(5.88 %) prevalence of trypanosomosis caused by different species of trypanosomes. This finding was in agreement with the previous studies conducted by whose finding showed 6% prevalence in his study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and host related risk factors in Jawi district of the Amhara region, south west of Ethiopia , whose report showed 5.58 % prevalence in their study on trypanosomosis in Cattle Population of jawi district of the Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia and who reported 5.43 % prevalence in their study on prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and Apparent Density of Tsetse and Other Biting Flies in Bullen district of the Benishagul Gumuz region, western Ethiopia [18,19,20]. Although it was slightly lower, it was found to be consistent with the former results reported by who reported an overall prevalence of 7.81% in Guto Gida district of Eastern…”

Epidemiology and Detection of Multiple Drug-Resistant Trypanosoma congolense in Zebu Cattle in Gurage Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

“…Comparison of PCV before and after treatment using paired sample T test (n=80) The prevalence was significantly different among the study villages (P<0.05). The prevalence of the disease was in agreement with 4.9% reported by Geremew et al[29], 5.43% Lelisa et al [30], 6.11% Terefe et al[31], 6.25% Abera et al [32] 7.24% Sheferaw et al [33] and 7.30% Birhanu et al [34]. However, by far lower than 10.8% by Lelisa et al [31], 12.14% Tesfaye et al ([35], 12.41% [336] and 21.33% Ataro et al…”