Prevalence of C. burnetii DNA in sheep and goats milk in the northwest of Iran

Khademi, P; Ownagh, Abdulghaffar; Ataei, Behrooz; Kazemnia, Ali; Enferadi, Ahmad; Khalili, Mohammad; Mardani, Karim

doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2020.108716

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The prevalence of C. burnetii in Mazandaran and Tehran provinces was 11.11% and 10%, respectively. Different prevalence rates of C. burnetii in goat milk were reported from Iran: 16.6% in West-Azerbaijan province (northwest of Iran) [ 11 ], 16.1% in Kerman province (southeast of Iran) [ 12 ], 1.8% in Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari province (southwestern of Iran) [ 13 ], and 4.5% in Isfahan province (central of Iran) [ 14 ]. Also, a high prevalence (35.7%) of C. burnetii was reported in milk samples from goats with abortion history in Qom province (central Iran) [ 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of this bacterium in sheep milk was also 33.3%, 20%, and 10.5% in Tehran, Mazandaran, and Hamadan provinces, respectively. In other studies, the prevalence of C. burnetii in sheep's milk was reported to be 7.6% in West-Azerbaijan province [ 11 ], 5.7% in Isfahan province [ 14 ], 20.8% in Lorestan province (western of Iran) [ 18 ], 3.3% in Zanjan province (northwest of Iran) [ 19 ], and 35.7% in Qom province [ 9 ]. The prevalence in other countries was 10% in Lebanon [ 17 ], 4% in Hungary [ 20 ], 6.5% in Turkey, [ 21 ] and 22% in Spain [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Coxiella burnetii in Raw Milk of Livestock Animal in Iran

Mobarez

Mostafavi

Khalili

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

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Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever in humans and animals. This study aimed to determine the frequency of C. burnetii in milk samples of dairy animals (goats, sheep, and cattle) in some selected regions in Iran, where there is no information about prevalence of C. burnetii. In this study, 162 individual milk samples were collected from 43 farms in three provinces (Tehran, Hamadan, and Mazandaran). Real-time PCR was used for the detection of IS1111a element of C. burnetii. In total, 23 of 162 samples (14.2%, 95% conﬁdence interval (CI): 9.65–20.2%) were positive for C. burnetii by real-time PCR. C. burnetii was detected in 10.17% (95% CI: 4.74–20.46) of goat milk samples. In sheep milk samples, 18.6% (95% CI: 9.74–32.62) were positive, and C. burnetii was detected in 15% (95% CI: 8.1–26.11) of cattle milk samples. Molecular evidence of the presence of C. burnetii was seen in milk samples of dairy animals in all the studied regions. These findings demonstrated that C. burnetii infection, especially in raw milk samples, deserves more attention from the health care system and veterinary organization in Iran.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Coxiella burnetii in Raw Milk of Livestock Animal in Iran

Mobarez

Mostafavi

Khalili

et al. 2021

International Journal of Microbiology

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“…Herein, we identified 61 does positive for shedding C. burnetii across 10.3% of the tested operations (7.8% weighted, SE = 2.2), which is in line with the observations in Indiana, but is lower than that observed in goats worldwide. Shedding was observed in 60% of sheep and goat herds in Algeria, 51.16% of goat herds in Poland, and between 16.6 and 56.4% in Iran (46)(47)(48)(49). Shedding in dairy goat herds in Belgium decreased from 12% in 2009 to 6.3% in 2012 and 6% in 2019 only after the introduction of mandatory vaccination in 2011 (50,51).…”

Section: Categorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella burnetii in domestic doe goats in the United States, 2019–2020

Miller,

Branan,

Priestley

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Coxiella burnetii is a bacterial pathogen capable of causing serious disease in humans and abortions in goats. Infected goats can shed C. burnetii through urine, feces, and parturient byproducts, which can lead to infections in humans when the bacteria are inhaled. Goats are important C. burnetii reservoirs as evidenced by goat-related outbreaks across the world. To better understand the current landscape of C. burnetii infection in the domestic goat population, 4,121 vaginal swabs from 388 operations across the United States were analyzed for the presence of C. burnetii by IS1111 PCR as part of the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services’ National Animal Health Monitoring System Goats 2019 Study. In total, 1.5% (61/4121) of swabs representing 10.3% (40/388) (weighted estimate of 7.8, 95% CI 4.4–13.5) of operations were positive for C. burnetii DNA. The quantity of C. burnetii on positive swabs was low with an average Ct of 37.9. Factors associated with greater odds of testing positive included suspected Q fever in the herd in the previous 3 years, the presence of wild deer or elk on the operation, and the utilization of hormones for estrus synchronization. Factors associated with reduced odds of testing positive include the presence of kittens and treatment of herds with high tannin concentrate plants, diatomaceous earth, and tetrahydropyrimidines. In vitro analysis demonstrated an inhibitory effect of the tetrahydropyrimidine, pyrantel pamoate, on the growth of C. burnetii in axenic media as low as 1 μg per mL. The final multivariable logistic regression modeling identified the presence of wild predators on the operation or adjacent property (OR = 9.0, 95% CI 1.3–61.6, p value = 0.0248) as a risk factor for C. burnetii infection.

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“…In 2017, the global goat milk output exceeded 18 million tonnes per year, with a cumulative increase of approximately 20% over the decade (2007–2017) (FAOSTATS, 2018; Pereira et al ., 2020). Goat milk has the advantages of easy digestion, hypoallergenicity, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity (Khademi et al ., 2020; Safdar et al ., 2020), and it was considered a good alternative to cow milk products for people with mal‐digestion of this kind of milk (Mituniewicz‐Malek et al ., 2019). Goat milk has a lower content of α S1 ‐casein (α S1 ‐CN) in casein micelles, a higher β‐CN and κ‐CN compared with cow milk (Haenlein, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different saccharides on the microstructure and functional properties of protein in goat milk during processing

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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This study investigated the changes in the characteristics of goat milk protein in the presence of trehalose, chitooligosaccharide and pectin during two practical dairy processing operations of pasteurisation and spray drying. The highest denaturation temperature and the largest particle size of milk protein were found in goat milk added with pectin after pasteurisation. And particles with more uniform and compact morphology were observed in goat milk protein with these three saccharides. An elevated emulsifying activity index of 24.37 m/g−2 was observed in protein after spray drying due to chitooligosaccharide. And the foam stability was also improved significantly in the presence of trehalose and pectin during pasteurisation. During spray drying, saccharides showed the stabilizing effect on goat milk protein. This study revealed a complex interplay between the type of saccharides and the processing operation applied to goat milk, which might be of great significance for the production and processing of goat milk.

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Prevalence of C. burnetii DNA in sheep and goats milk in the northwest of Iran

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Identification of Coxiella burnetii in Raw Milk of Livestock Animal in Iran

Identification of Coxiella burnetii in Raw Milk of Livestock Animal in Iran

Coxiella burnetii in domestic doe goats in the United States, 2019–2020

Effects of different saccharides on the microstructure and functional properties of protein in goat milk during processing

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