Prevalence of Campylobacter subtypes in pheasants (Phasianus colchicus spp. torquatus) in the Czech Republic

Nebola, M; Bořilová, Gabriela; Steinhauserova, I.

doi:10.17221/2063-vetmed

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…in living pheasants in Southern Italy with a prevalence of 43.3%. C. coli was the predominant species identified, in line with Nebola et al (2007) who isolated C. coli with a prevalence higher than C. jejuni in pheasants from Czech Republic.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Comparative data on the prevalence of campylobacteriosis in pheasant are limited, although this microorganism has been reported in pheasants from Germany (Atanassova & Ring, 1999), Russia (Stern et al, 2004), and Czech Republic (Nebola et al, 2007) with a prevalence of 25.9%, 26.7%, and 70.2%, respectively. Only one study is available from Italy, in which Soncini et al (2006) reported negative results from pheasant neck skins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) is scarce and fragmentary, although this microorganism has been reported in pheasant in Germany (Atanassova & Ring, 1999), Russia (Stern et al, 2004), and Czech Republic (Nebola et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of thermotolerantCampylobacterin pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)

et al. 2008

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The present study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in living pheasants in Italy. To achieve this goal, a total of 240 living pheasants, equally shared between female and male birds, were examined. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. was isolated in 104 out of 204 (43.3%) living pheasants analysed. Campylobacter coli (100%) and Campylobacter jejuni (13.5%) were identified by polymerase chain reaction. Adult pheasants showed a significantly higher prevalence value (PB0.05) than younger pheasants.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of thermotolerantCampylobacterin pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)

et al. 2008

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“…For example, many studies test carcasses of hunted waterfowl or gamebirds and often find high enteric pathogen prevalence (number positive/number tested) (e.g. Luechtefeld et al ., ; Nebola, Borilova & Steinhauserova, ), which may be consumed and cause infection if improperly prepared (Navarro‐Gonzalez et al ., ). Perhaps more commonly, people may contact surfaces contaminated with faeces from wild birds in locations where birds aggregate (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are we overestimating risk of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans?

2020

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Enteric illnesses remain the second largest source of communicable diseases worldwide, and wild birds are suspected sources for human infection. This has led to efforts to reduce pathogen spillover through deterrence of wildlife and removal of wildlife habitat, particularly within farming systems, which can compromise conservation efforts and the ecosystem services wild birds provide. Further, Salmonella spp. are a significant cause of avian mortality, leading to additional conservation concerns. Despite numerous studies of enteric bacteria in wild birds and policies to discourage birds from food systems, we lack a comprehensive understanding of wild bird involvement in transmission of enteric bacteria to humans. Here, we propose a framework for understanding spillover of enteric pathogens from wild birds to humans, which includes pathogen acquisition, reservoir competence and bacterial shedding, contact with people and food, and pathogen survival in the environment. We place the literature into this framework to identify important knowledge gaps. Second, we conduct a meta-analysis of prevalence data for three human enteric pathogens, Campylobacter spp., E. coli, and Salmonella spp., in 431 North American breeding bird species. Our literature review revealed that only 3% of studies addressed the complete system of pathogen transmission. In our meta-analysis, we found a Campylobacter spp. prevalence of 27% across wild birds, while prevalence estimates of pathogenic E. coli (20%) and Salmonella spp. (6.4%) were lower. There was significant bias in which bird species have been tested, with most studies focusing on a small number of taxa that are common near people (e.g. European starlings Sturnus vulgaris and rock pigeons Columba livia) or commonly in contact with human waste (e.g. gulls). No pathogen prevalence data were available for 65% of North American breeding bird species, including many commonly in contact with humans (e.g. black-billed magpie Pica hudsonia and great blue heron Ardea herodias), and our metadata suggest that some under-studied species, taxonomic groups, and guilds may represent equivalent or greater risk to human infection than heavily studied species. We conclude that current data do not provide sufficient information to determine the likelihood of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans and thus preclude management solutions. The primary focus in the literature on pathogen prevalence likely overestimates the probability of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans because a pathogen must survive long enough at an infectious dose and be a strain that is able to colonize humans to cause infection. We propose that future research should focus on the large number of under-studied species commonly in contact with people and food production and demonstrate shedding of bacterial strains pathogenic to humans into the environment where people may contact them. Finally, studies assessing the duration and intensity of bacterial shedding and survival of bacteria in the environme...

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“…in living partridges in Southern Italy with a prevalence of 49·2%. Camphylobacter coli was the predominant species identified, and this result is noteworthy because C. coli is frequently isolated with a prevalence higher than C. jejuni in game birds (Nebola et al. 2007; Dipineto et al.…”

Section: Results and Statistical Analysis (Pearson’s Chi‐squared Tesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Prevalence of thermotolerantCampylobacterin partridges (Perdix perdix)

Dipineto

Gargiulo

Bossa

et al. 2009

Letters in Applied Microbiology

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Aim: To estimate the prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. in commercially reared partridges (Perdix perdix) in southern Italy. Methods and Results: Cloacal swabs of partridges (n = 240), equally distributed between male and female birds, from a game bird farm located in the Southern Italy were examined for the prevalence of thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. The samples were processed in order to detect thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. by culture methods. The positive samples were then confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 118 (49·2%) of the 240 cloacal swabs examined. As proved by PCR, 100% of the strains were identified as Campylobacter coli (118/118), and 15 (12·7%) out of the 118 positive samples were also positive for Campylobacter jejuni. In contrast, Campylobacter lari was not identified. Adult partridges showed a significantly higher prevalence (P < 0·05) than younger ones. Conclusion: These results reinforce the assumption that game birds may be considered as potential carriers of Campylobacter spp. for human being and other animal species. Significance and Impact of the Study: Although an earlier 1986 publication described the prevalence of Campylobacter coli in commercially reared partridges, this is the first report to confirm the species of Campylobacter using a PCR test.

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Prevalence of Campylobacter subtypes in pheasants (Phasianus colchicus spp. torquatus) in the Czech Republic

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Prevalence of thermotolerantCampylobacterin pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)

Prevalence of thermotolerantCampylobacterin pheasants (Phasianus colchicus)

Are we overestimating risk of enteric pathogen spillover from wild birds to humans?

Prevalence of thermotolerantCampylobacterin partridges (Perdix perdix)

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