Prevalence of cancers diagnosed in Jamhuriyat Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan

Joya, Musa; Stanikzai, Zabihullah; Akbarzadeh, Isa; Babaloui, Somayyeh; Bradley, D.A.

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03603

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…First, the small sample size increased greatly the uncertainty around the estimated proportions of women with delays in healthcare seeking and diagnosis. Non-etheless, even with the measured uncertainty, patient delay was observed for at least 59% of CC patients, and the overall low numbers of CC patients identified through clinical files are consistent with previous literature on cancer diagnoses in Kabul hospitals (37). Second, it was beyond the scope of the present study to investigate the factors beyond healthcare delays: the women reported the recommendations received from the clinicians, but the later could not be interviewed with regard to their workload or knowledge.…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknessessupporting

confidence: 88%

Delay in Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in Afghanistan: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey

Martellucci

Delsoz

Qaderi

et al. 2021

Front. Reprod. Health

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Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the potential delays in healthcare seeking and diagnosis of women with cervical cancer (CC) in Afghanistan.Methods: Clinical records of three hospitals in Kabul were searched for CC cases, and the women identified were interviewed by a trained physician using a semi-structured questionnaire. The main outcomes were the prevalence of potential delays over 90 days (1) from symptoms onset to healthcare seeking (patient delay), and (2) from first healthcare visit to CC diagnosis (healthcare delay). Information was also collected on: type and stage of CC, diagnostic test utilized, familiarity for CC, signs and symptoms, treatment type, and potential reasons for delaying healthcare seeking.Results: 31 women with CC were identified, however only 11 continued their treatment in the study hospitals or were reachable by telephone, and accepted the interview. The mean age was 51 ± 14 years, and only 18.2% had a previous history of seeking medical care. Patient delay was seen in 90.9% of the women (95% CI: 58.7–99.8), with a median of 304 ± 183 days. Instead, healthcare delay was found in 45.4% (95% CI: 16.7–76.6), with a median of 61 ± 152 days. The main reasons for patient delays were unawareness of the seriousness of the symptoms (70.0%) and unwillingness to consult a healthcare professional (30.0%). None of the women ever underwent cervical screening or heard of the HPV vaccination.Conclusions: Given the global effort to provide quality health care to all CC patients, Afghanistan needs interventions to reduce the delays in the diagnosis of this cancer, for instance by improving all women's awareness of gynecological signs and symptoms.

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Section: Strengths and Weaknessessupporting

confidence: 88%

Delay in Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in Afghanistan: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey

Martellucci

Delsoz

Qaderi

et al. 2021

Front. Reprod. Health

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“…Some progress has been made, but there are still many hurdles, including a shortage of experienced doctors and medical staff, especially in rural areas where 74% of the population lives. In these areas, patients suffer from poor hygiene, poor transport facilities to health centres and limited medical knowledge in self-assessment [ 3 – 6 ]. There are only sparse data on breast cancer in Afghanistan [ 7 – 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Clinical Data for the Diagnosis of Breast Tumours in North Afghanistan

Stauch¹,

Fritz

Rauofi³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Breast Cancer

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Background. This study was performed in knowledge of the increasing gap between breast disease treatment in countries with restricted resources and developed countries with increasingly sophisticated examination methods. Methods. The authors present the analysis of a breast disease register consisting of diagnostic cases from Mazar e Sharif and Herat in 2018 and 2019. The study comprises a total of 567 cases, which were presented to experts via telemedicine for final diagnosis. 62 cases (10.9%) were excluded due to inacceptable data or insufficient image quality. These data provided by daily diagnostic classification were used for the built-up of a profile for each frequent breast disease and a breast cancer register. All images and cases were seen by at least 3 independent experts. The diagnoses were made in 60% of cases by cytology of fine needle aspiration and in 40% by histological images. Results. For each entity of breast diseases (e.g., fibroadenoma), a profile of context variables was constructed allowing to assist medical decisions, as “wait and see,” elective surgery or immediate surgical intervention with R0 (complete) resection. These “profiles” could be described for fibroadenoma, mastitis, galactocele, fibrous-cystic disease, and invasive breast cancer. Conclusions. The presented preliminary data set could serve as a cost-effective basis for a North Afghan breast cancer registry, with option to extent to a national model. These preliminary data are transformed in profiles of breast diseases, which are used by the local physicians in charge of breast disease patients. Each new case can be compared by the local treating physician with the profile of all preceded cases with the same diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 In Afghanistan, no nationwide cancer study has ever been conducted to demonstrate the incidence and mortality rate of EC except for a single center study, in which it was estimated that EC was most common cancer in males and the second most common cancer in females. 3 EC arises from surface lining cells of the esophageal mucosa. There are two main histologic patterns of EC, 1 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and 2 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Esophageal Carcinoma and Associated Risk Factors: A Case-control Study in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Kabul, Afghanistan

Saadaat¹,

Abdul‐Ghafar²,

Haidary³

et al. 2022

CMAR

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Purpose Esophageal cancer (EC) is the most common cancer among males in Afghanistan, thus we aimed to conduct a case-control study to determine the associated risk factors with EC in two tertiary care hospitals of Kabul, Afghanistan. Patients and Methods We enrolled 132 EC cases and 132 controls and used conditional logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) with consideration of 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The results of our study revealed that esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was the predominant type of EC constituting 75.8% of the cases. The results of the multivariate logistic analysis showed that males and older ages were at increased risk of developing EC (OR: 4.62, 95%CI, p -value=0.026) and (OR: 1.070, 95%CI, p -value <0.001), respectively. In addition, living in rural areas (OR: 46.64, 95%CI, p -value <0.001), being uneducated (OR: 13.94, 95%CI, p -value=0.042), using oral snuff (OR: 6.10, 95%CI, p -value=0.029), drinking hot tea (OR: 5.719, 95%CI, p -value=0.005), lack of physical exercise (OR: 32.548, 95%CI, p -value=0.001), less fresh fruit consumption (OR: 93.18, 95%CI, p -value<0.001) and family history of cancer (OR: 14.50, 95%CI, p -value=0.003) were significantly associated with the development of EC, while body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol drinking, consumption of spicy food and pickled vegetables did not have a significant association with EC. Moreover, the majority of the cases (83.3%) in our study were from to low-income families and the majority were unemployed (93.9%), of whom (50%) were farmers, who did not show statistically significant association. Conclusion Our study concluded that EC risk was higher in older ages, males, rural residents, uneducated people, oral-snuff users, hot tea drinkers, fewer fresh fruit consumers, lack of physical exercise, and family history of cancer. Further detailed studies and screening policies of the affected groups are suggested to further elaborate on the subject.

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Prevalence of cancers diagnosed in Jamhuriyat Hospital, Kabul, Afghanistan

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

Delay in Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in Afghanistan: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey

Delay in Diagnosis of Cervical Cancer in Afghanistan: A Pilot Cross-Sectional Survey

The Importance of Clinical Data for the Diagnosis of Breast Tumours in North Afghanistan

Esophageal Carcinoma and Associated Risk Factors: A Case-control Study in Two Tertiary Care Hospitals of Kabul, Afghanistan

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