Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome in the Roma Population Compared with the Non-Roma Population in the Eastern Part of Slovakia

Fedačko, Ján; Pella, Daniel; Jarčuška, Peter; Siegfried, Leonard; Janíčko, Martin; Veselíny, Eduard; Pella, J; Sabol, František; Jarčuška, Pavol; Mareková, Mária; Gecková, Andrea Madarasová; Pažinka, Peter; Jankajová, Monika; Kmeč, Ján; Babčák, Marian; Kalanin, Peter; Dražilová, Sylvia; Babinská, Ingrid; Cecetková, Beáta; Team, HepaMeta

doi:10.21101/cejph.a3904

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Smoking is very frequent with the Gypsy ethnics, in a relatively low age already, in line with most of the mentioned studies about 50-60 % of the Gypsy people smoke (37,38,45,46). Despite a generally stated increased consumption of alcoholic beverages in the Gypsy ethnics, HepaMeta study did not fi nd differences in drinking alcohol between the Gypsy and the non-Gypsy men.…”

Section: Addictionssupporting

confidence: 69%

Some aspects of health status of the Gypsy population in Slovakia

Bartošovič¹

2016

BLL

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Population of the Gypsy people living currently in Slovakia reaches approximately 400 000 people which represents 7.5 % of the total Slovak population. The age structure of the Gypsy population is of a considerably progressive type with a high number of children and very low number of old people. This is due to the high natality and high mortality of Gypsies, whose health status is worse than the health status of the majority population. Gypsy people represent an important "old-new" risk group in case of tuberculosis and a more frequent occurrence of other transmitted diseases is observed in them while a higher incidence of genetically conditioned diseases has been confi rmed, as well. As for children, a higher frequency of infectious diseases, injuries, intoxications and burns can be found as a result of their environmental conditions. A high level of infant mortality of the Gypsy children is a very negative phenomenon. We can state that the lifestyle of the Gypsy population is unhealthy, characterized by bad dietary habits, drinking alcohol, frequent smoking already in a very young age, higher weight and lower physical activity. All fi ndings confi rm that the Gypsy population is threatened by cardiovascular diseases at younger age already. Due to a more diffi cult approach to the health care, part of the Gypsies consult the physician only when in a serious health state. Health status of the Gypsy seniors has been reported only at minimum due to their low representation in population. Typical feature of this ethnic is, that they take care of their seniors. To prove this, during the author´s twenty seven-year practice he met just three old Gypsy women in social institutions. It is very diffi cult to address problems related to the Gypsy population; this task requires engagement of all spheres of our society, in particular of the Gypsies themselves, including their organizations (Ref. 50). Text in PDF www.elis.sk. Babinská I, Madarasová GeckováA, Jarčuška P et al. Does the population living in Gypsy settlements differ in physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption from the majority population in Slovakia? Centr Eur J Public Health, Supplement 2014; 22: S22-S27. 49. Belák A. Health-system limitations of Gypsy health in Slovakia. A qualitative study. Bratislava: WHO Country Offi ce, 2013: 54. 50. Kumanová Z, Džambazovič R. Rómska rodina: na rozhraní medzi tradicionalitou a modernitou. 503-526. In: Vašečka M (Ed). Čačipen pal o Gypsy. Súhrnná správa o Rómoch na Slovensku. Bratislava: IVO, 2002.

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Section: Addictionssupporting

confidence: 69%

Some aspects of health status of the Gypsy population in Slovakia

Bartošovič¹

2016

BLL

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“…In the study population men and women aged 40 and above had multiple times higher risk of metabolic syndrome compared to the age group 18-39 years. In the Roma population metabolic syndrome significantly increases cardiovascular risk (20). Severe complications of coronary heart disease were detected in Roma population at significantly younger age compared to the majority population.…”

Section: Editorial Low Socioeconomic Status and Unhealthy Lifestyle Lmentioning

confidence: 91%

Low Socioeconomic Status and Unhealthy Lifestyle Lead to High Morbidity in Young Roma of East Slovakia

Sedláková¹

2014

Cent Eur J Public Health

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Roma people constitute one of the oldest and largest minorities in Europe. In Slovakia, there are approximately 400,000 Roma, and represent 7.5% of total population (1). However, according to recent official census in 2010, only 105,738 (2% of total population) citizens declared themselves as Roma ethnic. Approximately one sixth of Roma people live in segregated settlements (1). This supplement contains results of the HepaMeta study, which has aimed to map the socioeconomic, lifestyle, selected anthropometric, and health-related aspects of young Roma people living in the settlements and their majority counterparts. This study was conducted in 2011 and its main goal was to explore the prevalence of hepatitis B and C and metabolic syndrome. A group of 452 Roma aged 18-55 years, living in settlements (mean age = 34.7; 35.2% men) was compared to a control group of 403 non-Roma randomly chosen (mean age = 33.5; 45.9% men) from the patient database of collaborating general practitioners. Data were obtained by questionnaire, anthropometric measures and analysed blood and urine samples (2). Roma population from segregated settlements live in significantly worse socioeconomic conditions compared to the majority, they have significantly worse education and higher unemployment rate. More than 80% of Roma have only basal education, higher education was attained by only 2.3% of this group compared to the majority population in which almost 80% completed higher education. More than 90% of Roma people are unemployed. Unemployment rate in the majority population in the studied East Slovakia region is approximately 25%. Two thirds of Roma people, but only 7.2% of the majority population receive social allowances. Approximately two thirds of Roma and one in 25 persons of the majority population cannot pay collection orders and current expenditures. Significant differences have been also found in the standard of living. Just half of Roma people have a stable water supply, toilet, bathroom or shower, whereas in the majority these utilities are available up to 95% of persons. One sixth of Roma people have no electricity (3). Significant differences were also demonstrated in the lifestyle of these groups. Roma men and women have less physical activity (sports, dance, walking) compared to the majority. On the other hand, higher physical activity associated with household was documented in Roma women, which is probably associated with higher number of children in Roma families. Roma people smoke cigarettes more often and are heavy smokers compared to the majority population. Alcohol use among Roma men was comparable to non-Roma men, but Roma women reported lower use of alcohol compared to the majority (4). People from segregated Roma settlements also reported unhealthy diet. They reported eating less fruits, vegetables and dairy products. Roma women reported higher consumption of meat and soft drinks. These differences in eating habits could be associated with higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in younger age (5). Several significa...

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“…among Roma and found it to be higher than in the general population [9][10][11][12]. Comparative studies on the risk profile for Roma adults indicate that the Roma population has significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, as well as no or slightly elevated TG levels in comparison to the majority population, irrespective of the country where they live [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Haplotypes in the CETP and LIPC Genes on the Triglycerides to HDL-C Ratio and Its Components in the Roma and Hungarian General Populations

Pikó

Fiatal

Werissa

et al. 2020

Genes

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Background: The triglycerides (TG) to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (TG/HDL-C) is a well-known predictor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with great heritability background. The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and hepatic lipase (LIPC) gene affect TG/HDL-C ratio. This study aims to explore the association between haplotypes (H) in CETP (based on 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and LIPC (based on 6 SNPs) genes and the TG/HDL-C ratio and its components, among Roma and Hungarian general populations. Methods: The prevalence of haplotypes and their effect on HDL-C, TG and TG/HDL-C ratio were calculated in both populations and compared. Results: Ten haplotypes in CETP and 6 in LIPC gene were identified. Three haplotypes in CETP and 3 in LIPC have significant effect on HDL-C level, whereas two in CETP and 3 in LIPC on TG level. The H6 in CETP (β = 0.52, p = 0.015; odds ratio (OR) = 1.87, p = 0.009) and H5 in LIPC (β = 0.56, p < 0.001; OR = 1.51, p = 0.002) have a significant increasing effect on TG/HDL-C ratio and have shown higher prevalence among the Roma, as compared to Hungarian general population. The H2 in the CETP gene has a decreasing effect on the TG/HDL-C ratio (OR = 0.58, p = 0.019) and is significantly less frequent among the Roma. Conclusions: Accumulation of harmful haplotypes in CETP and LIPC genes might have a role in the elevated TG/HDL-C ratio in the Roma population, which contributes to a higher risk in the development of cardiovascular diseases.

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Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome in the Roma Population Compared with the Non-Roma Population in the Eastern Part of Slovakia

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Some aspects of health status of the Gypsy population in Slovakia

Some aspects of health status of the Gypsy population in Slovakia

Low Socioeconomic Status and Unhealthy Lifestyle Lead to High Morbidity in Young Roma of East Slovakia

The Effect of Haplotypes in the CETP and LIPC Genes on the Triglycerides to HDL-C Ratio and Its Components in the Roma and Hungarian General Populations

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