Prevalence of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Patients Ultrasound high-resolution B-mode imaging on carotid arteries

Kawamori, Ryuzo; Yamasaki, Yamasaki; Matsushima, Hiroyuki; Nishizawa, Hideko; Nao, Katsunori; Hougaku, Hougaku; Maeda, Hiroaki; Handa, Nobuo; Matsumoto, Masayasu; Kamada, Takenobu

doi:10.2337/diacare.15.10.1290

Cited by 256 publications

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“…We have already shown that although IMT increased with age, it never exceeded 1.1 mm in normal individuals [21]. This value is comparable to that mentioned previously [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The mean difference in IMT between these two determinations was 0.01 ram. and the standard deviation was 0.04 mm0 demonstrating good reproducibility for repeated measurements, as described previously [15,16,21,22].…”

Section: Assessment Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 61%

“…IMTs of male control subjects were less than 1.1 mm. Thus, the criteria of carotid atherosclerosis was set as the upper limit of IMT in the normal control subjects (1.1 mm) as previously described [21,22]. There were no significant differences in IMTs among non-IGT subjects, IGT subjects and NIDDM patients from 30-39 years to 60 years and more.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IMTis a clinically useful quantitative index of carotid atherosclerosis as suggested by several investigators [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The atherosclerotic processes occurring in the coronary arteries, extracranial carotid arteries, and peripheral arteries in the legs appear to be pathologically identical [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although symptomatic subjects have been examined by invasive coronary angiography [13,14], information on asymptomatic atherosclerosis in asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is scarce. Now this can be done using high resolution Bmode imaging of the carotid artery [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], which enables direct and non-invasive in vivo monitoring of carotid atherosclerosis even in subjects as young as 7 years old [22]. Because of its high-distance resolution, we were able to demonstrate, for the first time, a high prevalence of increased thickness of the carotid arteries in asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is associated with increased intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid artery

et al. 1995

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SummaryAtherosclerotic changes have not been demonstrated directly in asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects, although high mortality due to coronary heart disease has been reported. We measured arterial wall thickness non-invasively, in order to directly demonstrate atherosclerosis of the carotid arteries of hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and to evaluate its risk factors.The thicknesses of the intimal plus medial complex (IMT) of the carotid arteries of 112 asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects (aged 22-81, 95 males and 17 females) were compared with those of 55 healthy male subjects and 211 non-insulin-dependent NIDDM male diabetic patients. The subjects were subgrouped into impaired glucose-tolerant (IGT) subjects who had a 2-h glycaemic level of more than 7.8 mmol/1, and non-IGT subjects whose 2-h glycaemic levels were within 6.7-7.7 mmol/1.Non-IGT and IGT subjects showed significantly greater IMTs than age-matched healthy males and showed no significant differences compared to agematched NIDDM patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for IMT of non-IGT and IGT subjects were age and systolic blood pressure. According to data on the accumulation of atherogenic risks (hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and smoking), IMT increased linearly in non-IGT and IGT subjects. However, non-IGT and IGT subjects without hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, or smoking risk still had significantly greater IMT than agematched normal males (1.019+0.063 vs 0.770+ 0.111 mm, p < 0.05). Prevalence of ECG-indicated coronary heart disease was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects and NIDDM with increased carotid arterial wall thickness (IMT _> 1.1 mm) than in those without increased thickness (IMT < 1.1 ram). Asymptomatic hyperglycaemic non-diabetic subjects have increased thickness of their carotid arteries compared to age-matched male NIDDM patients. As one of several independent risk factors, mild hyperglycaemia advances atherosclerosis, which leads to coronary heart disease. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 585-591] Key words Atherosclerosis, borderline diabetes, im-" paired glucose tolerance, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, B-mode, ultrasound, carotid artery, coronary heart disease, ECG. Received: 5 August 1994 and in revised form: 12 October 1994Corresponding author: Dr. Y. Yamasaki, First Department of Medicine, Osaka University School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita City, Osaka 565, Japan Abbreviations: IMT, Intimal plus medial complex; NIDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; CHD, coronary heart disease; T-Chol, serum total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, serum triglycerides.Several prospective studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] have suggested the occurrence of advanced atherosclerosis in coronary arteries and cerebral arteries in subjects with elevated blood glucose concentrations. In the Whitehall study [1,2], stroke mortality and coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality...

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“…We have already shown that although IMT increased with age, it never exceeded 1.1 mm in normal individuals [21]. This value is comparable to that mentioned previously [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Assessment Of Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is associated with increased intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid artery

et al. 1995

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Determinants of carotid artery wall thickening in young patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Frost

Beischer

1998

Diabet. Med.

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To investigate associations between early atherosclerosis and possible risk factors for it in young patients with established Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), we measured the combined intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid arteries with high resolution ultrasound in 310 young patients (age < or = 40 years, mean 27.9 +/- 6.5) with a diabetes duration > or = 2 years, and in two control groups of similar age (control 1:40 healthy subjects, control 2: 40 Type 1 DM recently diagnosed patients). Albumin excretion rate and lipids (total cholesterol and triglycerides) were measured and retinopathy and hypertension (systolic blood pressure > 140 or diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg) sought in the patients. Mean maximum IMT was 0.52 +/- 0.06 mm in control group 1 and 0.50 +/- 0.05 mm in control group 2 with a mean difference of 0.02 mm (95% CI: -0.01, 0.04). The more established Type 1 DM patients had a significantly greater IMT (0.57 +/- 0.13 mm, p < 0.001) than both control groups. In a subgroup analysis, patients with microvascular diabetic complications (n = 99) had a significantly greater IMT (0.63 +/- 0.17 vs 0.55 +/- 0.10 mm, p < 0.001) than those without (n = 211). In a multiple linear regression analysis with a significance level of < or = 0.10, the carotid artery IMT of our established diabetic patients was related to age, male gender, triglycerides and nephropathy, suggesting the latter as the main diabetes-specific risk for intima-media thickening in young Type 1 DM patients.

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Increased thickness of the arterial intima‐media detected by ultrasonography in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Kumeda¹,

Inaba²,

Goto³

et al. 2002

Arthritis & Rheumatism

274

198

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Objective. To determine whether arterial wall thickening is advanced in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared with healthy controls by measuring the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid and femoral arteries, and to evaluate the factors associated with arterial IMT in patients with RA.Methods. We studied 138 RA patients and 94 healthy controls (matched for age, sex, and other major risk factors for atherosclerosis). Conclusion. RA patients exhibited greater thickness of the common carotid and femoral arteries than healthy controls. The duration and severity of RA and decreased activities of daily living, but not corticosteroid treatment, were independently associated with the increased arterial wall thickness.

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Prevalence of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Diabetic Patients Ultrasound high-resolution B-mode imaging on carotid arteries

Abstract: Diabetes, along with age, hyperlipidemia, smoking, and hypertension, aggravates carotid atherosclerosis.

Cited by 256 publications

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Asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is associated with increased intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid artery

Asymptomatic hyperglycaemia is associated with increased intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid artery

Determinants of carotid artery wall thickening in young patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Increased thickness of the arterial intima‐media detected by ultrasonography in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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