Prevalence of Cervical Enamel Projection and Its Impact on Furcation Involvement in Mandibular Molars: A Cone‐Beam Computed Tomography Study in Koreans

Abstract

This study evaluated the prevalence of cervical enamel projections (CEPs) in mandibular molars, and analyzed the correlation between CEPs and furcation involvement (FI) based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data in a Korean population. CBCT images obtained from March 2012 to August 2012 were analyzed. CEPs and FI on the buccal and lingual surface were classified in three-dimensionally reconstructed images and cross-sectional views, and the correlation between these two parameters was analyzed. In total, 982 teeth in 425 patients were analyzed. The overall prevalence rate of CEPs was 76% (71% and 27% on the buccal and lingual surfaces, respectively). Grade I CEPs were the most common, followed by CEPs of grades II and III. There was a statistically significant, but negligible correlation between the CEP grade and the degree of FI on the buccal and lingual surfaces. Within the limitations of this cross-sectional study, a high prevalence of CEPs were found in a Korean population, but the role of CEPs in provoking FI appeared not to be decisive. Anat Rec, 299:379-384, 2016. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Dental prostheses and tooth‐related factors

“…Tooth anatomic factors, such as CEP and EP, have been associated with furcation invasion, increased PD, and loss of clinical attachment . The extent of CEP extension toward the furcation area can be classified into three classes, with grade I described as “distinct change in cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) attitude with enamel projecting toward the furcation;” grade II, “the CEP approaching the furcation, but not actually making contact with it;” and grade III, “CEP extending into the furcation proper.” Prevalence of CEP for all extracted teeth varies, depending on the report, from 25% to 35.5% and 8% to 17% in mandibular and maxillary molars, respectively .…”

The effect of furcation involvement on tooth loss in a population without regular periodontal therapy

“…In multirooted teeth, the alveolar bone loss associated with destructive periodontal disease can lead to furcation involvement (FI). The furcation region has specific anatomical characteristics including presence of grooves, furcation ridges and enamel projections (Al-Shammari, Kazor, & Wang, 2001;Lim et al, 2016), with consequent difficulties in self-performed and professional plaque removal (Fleischer, Mellonig, Brayer, Gray, & Barnett, 1989). Therefore, it is reasonable to expect a higher risk of periodontal disease progression for molars with FI, even in periodontally treated cohorts (Graetz et al, 2015;Hirschfeld & Wasserman, 1978;König, Plagmann, Rühling, & Kocher, 2002;Salvi et al, 2014).…”

Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review Based on the Efficacy Model

“…Plaque-induced periodontitis was not addressed, therefore, studies on that issue were excluded. In addition, studies that did not belong to any level of efficacy were disregarded [54][55][56][57][58] was excluded. Figure 1 shows the results for systematic reviews according to the PRISMA flow chart.…”