Prevalence of chest symptoms amongst brick kiln migrant workers and care seeking behaviour: a study from South India

Thomas, Beena; Charles, N; Watson, Basilea; Chandrasekaran, Venkat; Kumar, Ramesh; Dhanalakshmi, A.; Wares, Fraser; Swaminathan, Soumya

doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdu104

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…All eight studies evaluate the proportion of chest symptomatics who had not seen any provider by the time of the survey [32,53–59]; seven report whether patients sought care from public sector or private sector providers [32,53–56,58,59]; and three report the proportion who had not been screened for TB with a sputum test (Table C in S2 Text) [32,54,58]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Tuberculosis Cascade of Care in India’s Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2016

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BackgroundIndia has 23% of the global burden of active tuberculosis (TB) patients and 27% of the world’s “missing” patients, which includes those who may not have received effective TB care and could potentially spread TB to others. The “cascade of care” is a useful model for visualizing deficiencies in case detection and retention in care, in order to prioritize interventions.Methods and FindingsThe care cascade constructed in this paper focuses on the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP), which treats about half of India’s TB patients. We define the TB cascade as including the following patient populations: total prevalent active TB patients in India, TB patients who reach and undergo evaluation at RNTCP diagnostic facilities, patients successfully diagnosed with TB, patients who start treatment, patients retained to treatment completion, and patients who achieve 1-y recurrence-free survival. We estimate each step of the cascade for 2013 using data from two World Health Organization (WHO) reports (2014–2015), one WHO dataset (2015), and three RNTCP reports (2014–2016). In addition, we conduct three targeted systematic reviews of the scientific literature to identify 39 unique articles published from 2000–2015 that provide additional data on five indicators that help estimate different steps of the TB cascade. We construct separate care cascades for the overall population of patients with active TB and for patients with specific forms of TB—including new smear-positive, new smear-negative, retreatment smear-positive, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB.The WHO estimated that there were 2,700,000 (95%CI: 1,800,000–3,800,000) prevalent TB patients in India in 2013. Of these patients, we estimate that 1,938,027 (72%) TB patients were evaluated at RNTCP facilities; 1,629,906 (60%) were successfully diagnosed; 1,417,838 (53%) got registered for treatment; 1,221,764 (45%) completed treatment; and 1,049,237 (95%CI: 1,008,775–1,083,243), or 39%, of 2,700,000 TB patients achieved the optimal outcome of 1-y recurrence-free survival.The separate cascades for different forms of TB highlight different patterns of patient attrition. Pretreatment loss to follow-up of diagnosed patients and post-treatment TB recurrence were major points of attrition in the new smear-positive TB cascade. In the new smear-negative and MDR TB cascades, a substantial proportion of patients who were evaluated at RNTCP diagnostic facilities were not successfully diagnosed. Retreatment smear-positive and MDR TB patients had poorer treatment outcomes than the general TB population. Limitations of our analysis include the lack of available data on the cascade of care in the private sector and substantial uncertainty regarding the 1-y period prevalence of TB in India.ConclusionsIncreasing case detection is critical to improving outcomes in India’s TB cascade of care, especially for smear-negative and MDR TB patients. For new smear-positive patients, pretreatment loss to follow-up and post-treatment TB recurrence are considerable points of attrition...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seven studies were conducted in 5 of India’s 36 states [32,53–56,58,59]. In addition, one study collected data from households in 30 districts located in numerous states [57].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tuberculosis Cascade of Care in India’s Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2016

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“…Somasundaram and Bangal reported that 25% of the migrant workers suffered from infectious and parasitic diseases, while 15% and 13% experienced respiratory and musculoskeletal and connective tissue‐related diseases, respectively . Chest symptoms were reported by 9.4% of brick kiln migrant workers from Tamil Nadu …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This situation underlies subtle negative perception regarding government health services and lack of trust . A study among brick kiln workers in Tamil Nadu revealed that only 60% of those who had symptoms of respiratory illness sought care, mainly from the private sector . Only 20% relied on government health care, owing to farther distance and lack of transportation and inconvenient working hours.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and health: A systematic review on health and health care of internal migrants in India

Kusuma

Babu

2018

Health Planning & Management

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The objective of this paper is to review published studies on various health conditions and health care access of internal migrants in India. The guidelines under PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis were followed. We searched 3 databases-Web of Science, Medline (PubMed), and Google Scholar. By applying selection criteria, we identified a total of 42 papers to include in the review. These studies reported various health problems/morbid conditions, and some studies reported health care access. Major health issues of poor migrants included work-related injuries, noncommunicable diseases like diabetes and hypertension, and communicable diseases like malaria and HIV. In addition, behavioural risks such as the use of tobacco and alcohol are reported. Information on health care seeking and poor access to government health care system are available. This review demonstrates the need to improve the health status and health care access of poor migrants. As health systems-related factors also influence the health care seeking behaviour, they are to be considered along with improving the living conditions of this population. Thus, a comprehensive migrant-sensitive health care should be the part of the urban health care system.

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“…Workers employed in the seasonal migrant agricultural sector are exposed to climatic conditions with high temperatures, chemicals and pesticides that can lead to dermatological diseases and respiratory diseases, to incongruous postures and repetitive movements resulting in musculoskeletal disorders, to sometimes fatal traumatic injuries [82,83,84]. Housing conditions in poorly ventilated housing, poor hygienic conditions, with humidity and mildew, favor the onset of respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia and asthma, and infectious diseases [81,85].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant Workers and Physical Health: an Umbrella Review

Mucci¹,

Traversini²,

Giorgi³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Migrants are mainly employed in "3D Jobs" dirty, dangerous, difficult, characterized by monotony, intense rhythms, in sectors at higher risk as construction, heavy industry, agriculture. Aim of this study is to elaborate a systematic review, in order to identify the main occupational risks and occupational diseases of this category. Research included articles published from 2013 to 2018 on the major online databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus), using a combination of some keywords (migrant workers, expatriates, physical health, diseases, illnesses, travel, travelers, work and occupational). The online search indicated 1.109 references. We excluded 977 studies, because unrelated to physical health and 64 due to duplication. They were analyzed 68 articles, including 6 reviews and 62 original article. The main risk emerged are to developing infectious diseases, metabolic cardiovascular diseases and to manifesting a lower quality of life, in particular due to difficulties in accessing local health services. It will be crucial to implement the role of occupational medicine in order to introduce multilevel interventions designed to prevent work-related injuries and illnesses and to promote healthier working environments.

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Prevalence of chest symptoms amongst brick kiln migrant workers and care seeking behaviour: a study from South India

Abstract: The TB control programme needs to further explore how to extend its services to such 'hard to reach' groups. Active case finding to ensure early diagnosis and treatment initiation amongst such groups needs consideration.

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

The Tuberculosis Cascade of Care in India’s Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The Tuberculosis Cascade of Care in India’s Public Sector: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Migration and health: A systematic review on health and health care of internal migrants in India

Migrant Workers and Physical Health: an Umbrella Review

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