Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among 'high risk' young people in New South Wales

Kang, Melissa; Rochford, Arlie; Johnston, Victoria; Jackson, Julie; Freedman, Ellie; Brown, Katherine; Mindel, Adrian

doi:10.1071/sh06025

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For example, the 2005 prevalence of Chlamydia notification among NSW prisoners was 4.8%; 95% C.I. 3.87Á5.81), compared with chlamydia prevalence of 6%, 95% CI: 3%Á10% among community-based drug users in Melbourne (Bradshaw, Pierce, Tabrizi, Fairley, & Garland, 2005), and chlamydia prevalence of 5.7%, 95% CI: 3Á8.4% among sexually active homeless youth in NSW general community (Kang et al, 2006). Inmates in NSW prisons are not always tested for chlamydia until several months following incarceration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Enhanced chlamydia surveillance in New South Wales (Australia) prisons, 2005‐2007

Forrest¹,

Boonwaat²,

Douglas³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Prisoner Health

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Chlamydia is currently the most frequently notified infectious disease in New South Wales (NSW). Published articles relating to chlamydia prevalence in Australian prison settings are sparse, but studies from the United Kingdom and the United States indicate relatively high chlamydia prevalence among young incarcerated individuals. This article reports on findings from an enhanced chlamydia surveillance programme in NSW prisons between 2005 and 2007. The authors report a relatively low chlamydia prevalence among the general population of NSW prisoners (compared with figures from the United Kingdom and United States), which by the end of 2007 was 4%. The average crude chlamydia notification rate for the NSW prison population during the review period was about four times that of the general NSW community - 716/100,000 during the review period compared with 175/100,000 in the NSW general community. The average crude chlamydia notification rate for Aboriginal prisoners during the review period was 1262/100,000, compared with 1470/100,000 in the general Australian Aboriginal population. The authors grapple with the dilemma of expanding chlamydia screening and treatment services for the sexual health benefits of prison populations with static prison health budgets on one hand, and limited evidence of cost-effectiveness of such an expensive intervention on the other.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Enhanced chlamydia surveillance in New South Wales (Australia) prisons, 2005‐2007

Forrest¹,

Boonwaat²,

Douglas³

et al. 2009

International Journal of Prisoner Health

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show abstract

“…A recent Victorian population-based survey of 160 young adults aged 18-24 years reported a rate of 4% (Kang et al, 2006). Prevalence among high risk populations such as incarcerated, homeless, pregnant, and Indigenous youth have been as high as 27% (Kang et al, 2006;Quinlivan, Petersen, & Gurrin, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sex, Condoms and Sexually Transmissible Infections: A Qualitative Study of Sexual Health in Young Australian Men

et al. 2010

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Young males have a key role in shaping contraceptive use in a sexual relationship, yet often remain the invisible partner in safe sex promotion. This article describes a conceptual model of STI risk and condom use based on the perceptions and experiences of condom use in a group of young Australian males. An explorative descriptive design was used to conceptualize participants' condom use histories into an organized description of behavior. Forty-two semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of males aged 15 to 25 years over an 18 month period. A sequential analytical process of data immersion, coding, and category generation was used to identify personal meanings, motivations, and contextual factors associated with condom use and non-use. Three primary discourses associated with young males' perceptions of STI risk and responding approach to condom use constructed personal commitment to sexual safety as dynamic, context-dependent, and outcome-driven (pregnancy versus STIs as the primary motivator of condom use). A regretful discourse associated with experiences of, or suspected unwanted outcomes, also emerged through changes in risk appraisals and safe sex intentions and behavior. Interventions to increase condom use should go beyond the traditional focus on risky behavior and disease prevention frameworks by addressing the contextual influences on personal risk appraisals and deliver innovative messages to reduce negative social meanings associated with condom use.

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“…On average, condom use is at best inconsistent even in developed countries where people can afford them. 76–80 In the trials, condoms were provided free and participants received regular counseling, but their use was low. 13,81 In Africa the association between condom use and HIV is, moreover, complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposé of fallacious claims that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa

Morris

Waskett²,

Gray

et al. 2011

J Public Health Africa

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Despite over two decades of extensive research showing that male circumcision protects against heterosexual acquisition of HIV in men, and that includes findings from large randomized controlled trials leading to acceptance by the WHO/UNAIDS and the Cochrane Committee, opponents of circumcision continue to generate specious arguments to the contrary. In a recent issue of the Journal of Public Health in Africa, Van Howe and Storms claim that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa. Here we review the statements they use in support of their thesis and show that there is no scientific basis to such an assertion. We also evaluate the statistics used and show that when these data are properly analyzed the results lead to a contrary conclusion affirming the major role of male circumcision in protecting against HIV infection in Africa. Researchers, policy makers and the wider community should rely on balanced scholarship when assessing scientific evidence. We trust that our assessment may help refute the claims by Van Howe and Storms, and provide reassurance on the importance of circumcision for HIV prevention.

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Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among 'high risk' young people in New South Wales

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Enhanced chlamydia surveillance in New South Wales (Australia) prisons, 2005‐2007

Enhanced chlamydia surveillance in New South Wales (Australia) prisons, 2005‐2007

Sex, Condoms and Sexually Transmissible Infections: A Qualitative Study of Sexual Health in Young Australian Men

Exposé of fallacious claims that male circumcision will increase HIV infections in Africa

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