Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey

Zhang, Luxia; Wang, Fang; Wang, Li; Wang, Wenke; Liu, Bi‐Cheng; Liu, Jian; Chen, Menghua; He, Qiang; Liao, Yunhua; Yu, Xueqing; Chen, Nan; Jian-e, Zhang; Hu, Zhao; Liu, Fuyou; Hong, Daqing; Ma, Lijie; Liu, Hong; Zhou, Xiaoling; Chen, Jianghua; Pan, Ling; Wei, Chen; Wang, Weiming; Li, Xiaomei; Wang, Haiyan

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60033-6

Cited by 1,817 publications

(1,504 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The increased NT-proBNP level and prevalence of hypertension, and decreased Hb level with the deterioration of renal function observed in our study, are consistent with the findings of previous studies [3]. Zhang et al [2] found that the prevalence of CKD in the Chinese population was 10.8%, which is lower than the prevalences of 7.7% in the USA and 4.2% in Norway, and the prevalence of CKD3 was 1.6% [3,13]. Lin et al [14] found that stage 3 CKD was more common in older patients than in younger patients (33.5% vs. 4.1%) in Asia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Zhang et al [2] reported that the prevalence of CKD in the Chinese population was 10.8%, and Coresh et al [3] found that the prevalence of CKD sharply rises with age, such that almost 50% of those older than 70 years are affected. Additionally, CKD is often associated with anemia, hypertension, and proteinuria, which increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, the primary cause of morbidity and premature mortality in CKD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prognostic value of plasma NT-proBNP levels in very old patients with moderate renal insufficiency in China

et al. 2017

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Background The N‑terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has an important prognostic value in chronic renal insufficiency; however, most studies have been conducted in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In this study we evaluated the prognostic significance of NT-proBNP in very old patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and compared its prognostic value in CKD3a versus CKD3b patients. Methods Patients (age ≥80 years old) hospitalized with stage 3 CKD from 2007 to 2010 who were eligible for this prospective study underwent follow-up examinations in 2015. The examinations included measurements of anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, plasma NT-proBNP, creatinine, and lipids. End-point events were all-cause death and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). Results A total of 168 patients (mean age 87.4 ± 2.9 years, range 80–99 years) were included in the analysis (CKD3a, n = 117; CKD3b, n = 51). The results showed that CKD3b was associated with lower hemoglobin levels, higher NT-proBNP levels and a higher rate of hypertension compared with CKD3a. After a median follow-up of 3.8 years (interquartile range 1.5–6.1 years), a higher NT-proBNP level was associated with a higher risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio HR 1.986, 95% confidence interval CI 1.276–2.819, p = 0.028) and MACEs (HR 2.872, 95% CI 1.241–6.644, p = 0.014) after adjusting for age, sex, and traditional risk factors; however, a subgroup comparison showed that elevated NT-proBNP levels were associated with a higher risk of all-cause death (HR 2.350, 95% CI 1.906–6.091, p = 0.039) and MACEs (HR 3.025, 95% CI 1.024–8.940, p = 0.045) in CKD3a but not CKD3b. Conclusion Levels of NT-proBNP increased with decreased renal function in very old patients with stage 3 CKD; therefore, NT-proBNP is an independent predictor for all-cause death and MACEs in these patients but has a greater prognostic value in CKD3a than in CKD3b.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of plasma NT-proBNP levels in very old patients with moderate renal insufficiency in China

et al. 2017

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“…It is estimated that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is about 10%–12% of the adult population worldwide (Coresh et al, 2007; Zhang et al, 2012; Zoccali et al, 2010). As a general rule, tissue fibrosis develops in virtually every form of CKD, as both a consequence and a characteristic feature of disease progression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonic hedgehog signaling in kidney fibrosis: a master communicator

Zhou

Tan

Liu

2016

Sci. China Life Sci.

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The hedgehog signaling cascade is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that regulates multiple aspects of embryonic development and plays a decisive role in tissue homeostasis. As the best studied member of three hedgehog ligands, sonic hedgehog (Shh) is known to be associated with kidney development and tissue repair after various insults. Recent studies uncover an intrinsic link between dysregulated Shh signaling and renal fibrogenesis. In various types of chronic kidney disease (CKD), Shh is upregulated specifically in renal tubular epithelium but targets interstitial fibroblasts, thereby mediating a dynamic epithelial-mesenchymal communication (EMC). Tubule-derived Shh acts as a growth factor for interstitial fibroblasts and controls a hierarchy of fibrosis-related genes, which lead to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in renal interstitium. In this review, we recapitulate the principle of Shh signaling, its activation and regulation in a variety of kidney diseases. We also discuss the potential mechanisms by which Shh promotes renal fibrosis and assess the efficacy of blocking this signaling in preclinical settings. Continuing these lines of investigations will provide novel opportunities for designing effective therapies to improve CKD prognosis in patients.

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“…The prevalence of CKD among females in the Chinese general population increases from 7.4 % among those aged 18-39 years to 18.0 and 24.2 % among those aged 60-69 and 70 years, respectively [6]. Relative increases in the prevalence of CKD with age are equally striking for populations in the US, Canada and Europe [7][8][9], although there are between-country differences in the absolute prevalence.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Agingmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chronic kidney disease and the aging population

Riella

2014

J Nephrol

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Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in China: a cross-sectional survey

Cited by 1,817 publications

References 25 publications

Prognostic value of plasma NT-proBNP levels in very old patients with moderate renal insufficiency in China

Prognostic value of plasma NT-proBNP levels in very old patients with moderate renal insufficiency in China

Sonic hedgehog signaling in kidney fibrosis: a master communicator

Chronic kidney disease and the aging population

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