Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Asia: a systematic review and analysis

Liyanage, Thaminda; Toyama, Tadashi; Hockham, Carinna; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Perkovic, Vlado; Woodward, Mark; Fukagawa, Masafumi; Matsushita, Kunihiro; Praditpornsilpa, Kearkiat; Hooi, Lai Seong; Iseki, Kunitoshi; Lin, Ming‐Yen; Stirnadel-Farrant, Heide A.; Jha, Vivekanand; Jun, Min

doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2021-007525

Cited by 146 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Our study results are in accordance with reports showing that HD is prevalent in older individuals who have CKD or other renal diseases, 1,2 and that age-related complications, particularly neurological complications, are common in such patients. 5,6 It is known that brain diseases cause gait difficulty/fall/aspiration, dementia/ delirium, or both.…”

Section: 2 | Age-related Brain Symptoms and Brain Diseases In Hd Pati...supporting

confidence: 93%

“…Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent in older cohorts worldwide due to modern lifestyles and increased longevity, etc., which bring about kidney transplantation and hemodialysis (HD). 1,2 It is known that older individuals under HD frequently have age-related brain symptoms, namely parkinsonism with/without sarcopenia (gait difficulty and fall, 3 aspiration, 4 etc.) and cognitive decline (delirium 5 /dementia 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemodialysis and brain diseases in older individuals

Iimura

Sakakibara

Sawai

et al. 2022

Neurology & Clinical Neurosc

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Background: It is known that age-related brain symptoms (namely gait difficulty and/ or dementia/delirium) occur in older individuals under hemodialysis (HD). However, it is not known which types of brain disease underlie such symptoms most. Objective:The aim of this study was to correlate brain symptoms with brain diseases in patients undergoing HD. Methods:This was a retrospective study at a multi-faculty university hospital in Japan over a 12-month period. All subjects were hospital inpatients undergoing HD (either started during hospitalization or maintenance therapy), with a diagnosis of brain symptoms resulting in referral to the neurogeriatric team (dementia/delirium support team, DST). Results:(1) More than half our HD patients (n = 133) were ≥ 65 years (mean age, 67 years) and male. (2) 37.6% of them showed brain symptoms and were DST-referred, among whom 62.4% were > 65 years) (P < 0.05). (3) Of the referred patients, 16% had episodes of fall-related surgery and 30% had aspiration pneumonia (all older). ( 4) 23.3% of referred patients needed restraint for the safety of HD (mostly older). ( 5) Most of the neurological disorders were age-related brain diseases, for example, most commonly a combination of white matter disease (WMD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) (85%, overlap counted), followed by alcoholism and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Conclusion:In HD patients, age-related brain symptoms (needed restraint for HD, or with recent fall and/or aspiration) increased with age. The most common underlying brain disease seemed to be a combination of WMD and AD.

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Section: 2 | Age-related Brain Symptoms and Brain Diseases In Hd Pati...supporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodialysis and brain diseases in older individuals

Iimura

Sakakibara

Sawai

et al. 2022

Neurology & Clinical Neurosc

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“…China occupies the major share 159.8 million (95% CI 146.6-174.1) of adults living with CKD while India has 140.2 million (95% CI 110.7-169.7) of adult CKD population. Both China and India are the big giants having 69.1% of CKD prevalence all across the Asia [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperuricemia—a serious complication among patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rashid

Katravath

Tiwari

et al. 2022

Exploration of Medicine

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Aim: Hyperuricemia as a putative risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression remains controversial and debatable. This systematic review aims to explore the prevalence of hyperuricemia among CKD patients worldwide. Methods: This study was conducted in accordance with the Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines by using the existing literature from online databases such as MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Cochrane library and grey literature. The effect size with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to assess the pooled prevalence of hyperuricemia in chronic kidney patients. The subgroup analysis based on gender and geography was also carried out by utilizing comprehensive meta-analysis, version 2.0. Results: Twenty-three studies containing 212,740 participants were eligible for quantitative synthesis. The pooled prevalence of 43.6% (35.2–52.4%) hyperuricemia was reported in patients with CKD globally. In India, 38.4% of prevalence was observed. The gender specific prevalence (9 studies) was reported as 67.4% (60.9–73.3%) in case of male patients and 32.6% (26.7–39.1%) in female patients with 95% CI. Conclusions: The prevalence of hyperuricemia was reported to be reasonably high among CKD patients worldwide. During the management of CKD, this high prevalence demands more prudent attention for this clinical complication which possibly can lead to positive renal outcomes.

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“…However, whether the association between NLR and CKD can be altered on the basis of BMI has been less studied. Taiwan faces a high prevalence of CKD [16,17], which can increase end-stage renal disease, placing an economic burden on the healthcare system [1]. Moreover, in Taiwan, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was reported to be 44.1% among all adults (50.8% in men and 36.9% in women), according to previously published data with overweight defined as a BMI of 24-26.9 kg/mm 2 , and obesity defined as a BMI ≥ 27 kg/m 2 [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio Was Associated with Increased Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Overweight/Obese but Not Normal-Weight Individuals

Lin

Wang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Inflammation has been proposed to play potential roles in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the relationship of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a systemic inflammation marker, with CKD in normal-weight and overweight/obese adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 2846 apparently healthy adults who underwent a health examination between August 2000 and April 2002. Normal weight was defined as a body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) of 18.5–24, while overweight/obesity was defined as a BMI of ≥24. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Logistic and linear regression analysis was performed to explore the NLR–CKD relationship. Results: Of the 2846 participants (1777 men and 1069 women), there were 348 CKD individuals (12.3%), with 262 (14.7%) men and 86 (8%) women. A total of 1011 men (56.9%) and 408 women (38.2%) were overweight or obese. Compared with the normal-weight participants, CKD prevalence was higher in the overweight/obese women (6.1% vs. 11.3%, p = 0.002), but not in the overweight/obese men (14.5% vs. 14.9%, p = 0.793). CKD percentages in the NLR quartile groups were 9.4%, 11.5%, 15.4%, and 22.7% in men (p < 0.0001) and 6.4%, 7.1%, 10.5%, and 8.2% in women (p = 0.2291). After adjustment for confounders, each increment of one unit of NLR was associated with a higher CKD risk in the overweight/obese men (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03–1.82, p = 0.03) and women (adjusted OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.08–2.90, p = 0.023), whereas NLR was not associated with CKD in normal-weight men or women. Further, in the overweight/obese participants with an eGFR of 50–70 mL/min/1.73 m2, univariable linear regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between NLR and eGFR for men (p = 0.004) and women (p = 0.009). Conclusions: It was found that higher NLR was associated with an increased CKD risk in overweight/obese but not in normal-weight men and women in an adult health examination dataset. Our study suggests a role of NLR for CKD prediction in overweight/obese individuals.

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Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in Asia: a systematic review and analysis

Cited by 146 publications

References 29 publications

Hemodialysis and brain diseases in older individuals

Hemodialysis and brain diseases in older individuals

Hyperuricemia—a serious complication among patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Higher Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio Was Associated with Increased Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Overweight/Obese but Not Normal-Weight Individuals

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