Prevalence of coagulase‐positive methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs in Bangladesh

Abstract

Background The emergence of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) have a significant health impact on people with direct or supportive occupations in veterinary medicine including veterinarians, animal handlers, laboratory personnel and pet owners. Objectives This cross‐sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for S. aureus, S. pseudintermedius, MRSA and MRSP in dogs in Bangladesh. Methods A total of 358 swab samples were collected from different body sites of 150 dogs attending a university teaching veterinary hospital between January and June 2018. Standard bacteriological procedures were followed to isolate Staphylococcus, and identification was confirmed to the species level by PCR to detect the nuc gene. MRSA and MRSP were confirmed by the presence of the mecA gene. Results The prevalence of coagulase‐positive S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius in dogs were 16% and 45.3%, respectively. S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius isolates displayed the highest resistance against nalidixic acid (95.2% and 91%, respectively) and erythromycin (89.3% and 84.7%, respectively). Notably, all the staphylococcal isolates showed resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes. The prevalence of MRSA and MRSP in dogs was 8.7% and 6%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the following variables as risk factors for MRSA colonisation in dogs: dogs with dermatitis (odds ratio [OR], 12.24, 95% CI: 3.12–57.33; p < 0.001) and history of antibiotic use (OR 8.73, 95% CI: 2.23–43.10; p < 0.001). Presence of otitis (OR 14.22; 95% CI: 1.64–103.58; p = 0.008) and oral lesions (OR 9.48, 95% CI: 1.14–64.82; p = 0.002) were identified as the significant risk factors for the carriage of MRSP. Conclusions The circulation of multidrug‐resistant S. aureus and S. pseudintermedius is a serious concern to dogs and humans. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. pseudintermedius and MRSP affecting dogs in Bangladesh.

Effects of Piper betle Extracts against Biofilm Formation by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs

“…Canine pyoderma is a highly prevalent bacterial skin infection in dogs, and S. pseudintermedius accounts for up to 92% of the pathogens isolated from companion dogs [ 3 ]. Studies have investigated the occurrence of MRSP colonization and contamination across diverse dog populations in different countries, with rates of up to 59% [ 3 , 35 , 36 ]. Nakaminami et al reported a high prevalence of S. pseudintermedius and MRSP in Japan, with prevalence rates of 74.5% (82/110) and 34.1% (28/82) for S. pseudintermedius and MRSP collected from pyoderma lesions, respectively [ 37 ].…”

“…The prevalence rate of MRSP identified based on mecA was 6.58% (10/152); Rana et al reported prevalence rates of 45.3% and 6% for S. pseudintermedius and MRSP in dogs in Bangladesh, respectively. All isolated bacteria were resistant to more than three antimicrobial classes [ 35 ]. MRSP prevalence in S. pseudintermedius isolated in this study was 1.5 times lower than that previously reported by Jantorn et al in Thailand in 2021 (18.87%, 10/53 vs. 28.30%, 15/53) [ 38 ].…”

“…MRSP prevalence in S. pseudintermedius isolated in this study was 1.5 times lower than that previously reported by Jantorn et al in Thailand in 2021 (18.87%, 10/53 vs. 28.30%, 15/53) [ 38 ]. The difference in S. pseudintermedius prevalence depends on the sample size, collection sites, and geographic region [ 9 , 35 , 39 ].…”

Comparative Susceptibility of Pathogenic Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus pseudintermedius to Empirical Co-Trimoxazole for Canine Pyoderma

“…When compared to coagulase-negative staphylococci, CPS may result in more severe infections [ 29 , 30 ]. A great many prior investigations have demonstrated that S. pseudintermedius is a prevalent cause of canine pyoderma [ 29 , 31 , 32 ]. In a recent investigation, all examined isolates were conventionally identified as CPS.…”

Antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and virulence factors of isolates of staphylococcus pseudintermedius from healthy dogs and dogs with keratitis

“…In the current study, the isolates of S. pseudintermedius exhibited resistance to tetracycline (96.6%), erythromycin (79.3%), and chloramphenicol (37.9%), but were sensitive to the quinolones. A study in Bangladesh found that 84.7% of S. pseudintermedius strains were resistant to erythromycin, and 6% of isolated strains were MDR ( 59 ). In the present study, 24.1% of the isolates were defined as the MDR S. pseudintermedius phenotype, and there was a larger percentage in the dogs with keratitis compared with in the healthy dogs.…”