Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant, Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Proteobacteria in Hospital Water Bodies and Out-Falls of West Bengal, India

Bardhan, Taniya; Chakraborty, Madhurima; Bhattacharjee, Bornali

doi:10.3390/ijerph17031007

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“… 2019 ). Alarmingly, 70 and 83.3% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolated from hospital wastewater were resistant to colistin (Bardhan, Chakraborty and Bhattacharjee 2020 ). Another study analyzing the presence of colistin-resistant bacteria on raw food, including meat, fish and vegetables, found that 46.4% of the samples contained colistin-resistant bacteria, of which the most prevalent species were E. coli and Klebsiella species (Ghafur et al .…”

Section: Colistin Usage In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Global colistin use: a review of the emergence of resistant Enterobacterales and the impact on their genetic basis

Binsker

Käsbohrer

Hammerl

2021

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

115

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The dramatic global rise of MDR and XDR Enterobacterales in human medicine forced clinicians to the reintroduction of colistin as last-resort drug. Meanwhile, colistin is used in the veterinary medicine since its discovery leading to a steadily increasing prevalence of resistant isolates in the livestock and meat-based food sector. Consequently, transmission of resistant isolates from animals to humans, acquisition via food, and exposure to colistin in the clinic are reasons for the increased prevalence of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales in humans in the last decades. Initially, resistance mechanisms were caused by mutations in chromosomal genes. However, since the discovery in 2015, the focus has shifted exclusively to mobile colistin resistances (mcr). This review will advance the understanding of chromosomal-mediated resistance mechanisms in Enterobacterales. We provide an overview about genes involved in colistin resistance and the current global situation of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales. A comparison of the global colistin use in veterinary and human medicine highlights the effort to reduce colistin sales in veterinary medicine under the One Health approach. In contrast, it uncovers the alarming rise in colistin consumption in human medicine due to the emergence of MDR Enterobacterales, which might be an important driver for the increasing emergence of chromosome-mediated colistin resistance.

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Section: Colistin Usage In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Global colistin use: a review of the emergence of resistant Enterobacterales and the impact on their genetic basis

Binsker

Käsbohrer

Hammerl

2021

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

115

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“…Since their discovery, they have been used on a large scale in medicine, agriculture, growth promotion and to prevent diseases in animals. Eventually, this facilitated the progress of an antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenomenon, which rapidly became a growing health safety issue worldwide [ 1 ]. Nowadays, AMR is constantly expanding, leading to infections that are more difficult to treat and to an increase in the associated mortality rate [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewaters, with or without Hospital Contribution, Harbour MDR, Carbapenemase-Producing, but Not Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae

et al. 2021

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Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) isolated from influent (I) and effluent (E) of two wastewater treatment plants, with (S1) or without (S2) hospital contribution, were investigated. The strains belonged to the Kp1 phylogroup, their highest frequency being observed in S1, followed by S2. The phenotypic and genotypic hypervirulence tests were negative for all the strains tested. At least one carbapenemase gene (CRG), belonging to the blaKPC, blaOXA-48, blaNDM and blaVIM families, was observed in 63% of CPKP, and more than half co-harboured two to four CRGs, in different combinations. Only five CRG variants were observed, regardless of wastewater type: blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-6, blaVIM-2, and blaOXA-48. Sequence types ST258, ST101 and ST744 were common for both S1 and S2, while ST147, ST525 and ST2502 were found only in S1 and ST418 only in S2. The strains tested were multi-drug resistant (MDR), all being resistant to beta-lactams, cephalosporins, carbapenems, monobactams and fluoroquinolones, followed by various resistance profiles to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, tigecycline, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. After principal component analysis, the isolates in S1 and S2 groups did not cluster independently, confirming that the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and gene-type profiles were both similar in the K. pneumoniae investigated, regardless of hospital contribution to the wastewater type.

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“…Case reports and outbreaks have been reported from around the world 10 , 11 . In India, colistin resistance has been reported in various clinical isolates, environmental isolates, and also isolates from food samples 11 – 13 . The chromosomally encoded intrinsic resistance to colistin occurs naturally due to the expression of certain genes such as eptA and eptB and the transferable colistin resistance is mediated by plasmid-borne mcr genes 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colistin exposure enhances expression of eptB in colistin-resistant Escherichia coli co-harboring mcr-1

Elizabeth

Baishya

Kalita

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Colistin resistance has increased due to the increasing and inappropriate use of this antibiotic. The mechanism involves modification of lipid A with phosphoethanolamine (PEtN) and/or 4-amino-4deoxy-l-arabinose (L-Ara4N). EptA and eptB catalyze the transfer of phosphoethanolamine to lipid A. In this study, gene network was constructed to find the associated genes related to colistin resistance, and further in vitro validation by transcriptional analysis was performed. In silico studies showed that eptB gene is a highly interconnected node in colistin resistance gene network. To ascertain these findings twelve colistin-resistant clinical isolates of Escherichia coli were selected in which five were harboring the plasmid-mediated mcr-1. Screening for colistin resistance was performed by broth microdilution (BMD) method and Rapid polymyxin NP test. PCR confirmed the presence of the eptA and eptB genes in all isolates and five isolates were harboring mcr-1. Transcriptional expression in five isolates harboring mcr-1, showed an enhanced expression of eptB when exposed under sub-inhibitory colistin stress. The present study for the first time highlighted genetic interplay between mcr-1 and eptA and eptB under colistin exposure.

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Prevalence of Colistin-Resistant, Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Proteobacteria in Hospital Water Bodies and Out-Falls of West Bengal, India

Cited by 24 publications

References 40 publications

Global colistin use: a review of the emergence of resistant Enterobacterales and the impact on their genetic basis

Global colistin use: a review of the emergence of resistant Enterobacterales and the impact on their genetic basis

Wastewaters, with or without Hospital Contribution, Harbour MDR, Carbapenemase-Producing, but Not Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae

Colistin exposure enhances expression of eptB in colistin-resistant Escherichia coli co-harboring mcr-1

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