Prevalence of Comorbid Personality Disorder in Psychotic and Non-psychotic Disorders

Abstract

Introduction: The burden of personality disorders (PDs) in China is large and the focus on mental health services is increasing. However, there is a lack of sufficient evidence regarding the prevalence of comorbid PD in psychotic and non-psychotic disorders, and whether PDs have different distributions. We aimed to investigate the PD comorbidity distribution pattern between psychotic and non-psychotic disorders using a clinical population-based study.Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,497 patients in Shanghai. PDs were screened using the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire Fourth Edition Plus (PDQ-4+). All patients were interviewed using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV) Axis II (SCID-II). We compared the differences in PD comorbidities classified as the 10 types of PDs in the DSM-IV, in 531 patients with psychosis and 966 patients with non-psychotic disorders.Results: More than one-third (37%) of patients with psychotic disorders met the criteria of at least one PD. Approximately half (46%) of patients with non-psychotic disorders met the criteria of at least one PD. Patients with non-psychotic disorders were more likely to meet the criteria of borderline (χ2 = 20.154, p < 0.001) and obsessive-compulsive PD (χ2 = 21.164, p < 0.001) diagnoses compared to those with psychotic disorders. In contrast, patients with psychotic disorders were more likely to meet the criteria of paranoid (χ2 = 11.144, p = 0.001) and schizotypal PD (χ2 = 14.004, p < 0.001) diagnoses than those with non-psychotic disorders.Discussion: PD comorbidity is common and comorbidity distribution pattern is varied in patients with psychotic and non-psychotic disorders, implicating the development of specific strategies that could screen and assess PDs in psychiatric clinical practice.

Chronic Non-Substances Mental Disorders and Associated Factors of Its Psychological Distress: A Community-based Study with Geospatial Analysis

“…There is no epidemiological data from the existing literature on the specific prevalence of personality disorders. However, some studies have reported 30-50% of CNsMD were co-morbid with personality disorders [30][31][32]. Individuals with mental illness may be at risk of developing personality disorders.…”

A Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Antipsychotic Drugs on the Quality of Life of Patients with Schizophrenia

“…Patients suffering from schizophrenia are at higher risk-compared to the general population-of developing physical comorbidities, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and cancer, with a significant reduction in life expectancy by 15-20 years [3]. Furthermore, patients with schizophrenia often suffer from comorbid mental disorders, including anxiety disorders, with a prevalence rate of 45% [4]; personality disorders, with a prevalence rate of 25% [5]; or substance use disorders, in up to 70% of patients with schizophrenia [6]. Low levels of long-term functional recovery have been reported by patients with schizophrenia, with frequent relapses and voluntary/involuntary hospitalizations.…”

Personality Disorders and Traits of ABC Clusters in Fibromyalgia in a Neurological Setting

“…For instance, in DSM-IV, PDs are placed among Axis II disorders in contrast to Axis I disorders (affective, anxious, obsessive-compulsive, etc.). There is strong evidence of high Axis I and Axis II disorder comorbidity [9], as well as high comorbidity of PDs with other medical and biopsychosocial conditions [10,11] and comorbidity within subtypes of PDs and between PD traits [12,13].…”