Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Center Experience in Southwestern of Iran

Nazari, Pedram; Davoodi, Mohammad; Faramarzi, Mohammad; Bahadoram, Mohammad; Dorestan, Nozar

doi:10.5539/gjhs.v8n10p288

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This is in accordance with studies carried out in Netherlands and Boston [11,12]. In fact, our study reported a lower overall incidence rate of CHD for the two years in comparison to several previous studies [13,14]. The incidence reported by a study from California, Sweden and France show similar incidence [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The study was done in India presented ASD was the commonest lesion followed by VSD similar to our study [18]. While another study presented VSD was the commonest (39.5%) then followed by ASD, PS, and PDA [22] also the study was carried out in Southwestern of Iran reported the commonest types were VSD (28.47%), ASD (10.39%) and TOF (9.3%) [13]. The interpretation of this state indicates the pattern of CHD differs from one country to another country based on the exposure to the risk factors and geographical region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Incidence and Types of Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Sulaimani Governorate

Kamal

Othman

Salih

2017

KJAR

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Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are common causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among young children and adolescents. It is the most common form of structural congenital defects. Little is known about incidence and type of these disorders in Sulaimani. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the incidence of congenital heart diseases and their types in Sulaimani Governorate. The study was conducted in Sulaimani Pediatric Teaching Hospital and the Maternity Hospital during January 2015 to December 2016. A sample of 400 consecutive cases of CHD in children aged 0-12 years was recruited attending the echocardiographic department of the hospital for diagnosis or follow-up purposes. Demographic data was collected through a face-to-face interview with the mothers of cases. A total number of new live births for 2015-2016 and those with congenital heart diseases were obtained from the medical records of the department of statistics of Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital. The overall incidence of all types of congenital heart diseases was 1.7/1000, 1.6/1000 live births for the year 2015 and 2016 respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in incidence between males and females over the two years, male to female risk ratio 1.83 (95% CI 1.09-3.14, p 0.007). The commonest types of cyanotic congenital heart diseases were tetralogy of Fallot (38.9% of all cyanotic defects), complete atrioventricular canal (22.1%), and transposition of great arteries (18.2%), while the most common types of non-cyanotic congenital heart disease were atrial septal defect (34.1% of all non-cyanotic defects), ventricular septal defect (31.6%), and the other defects are less common. In conclusion, tetralogy of Fallot, atrial septal defects, and ventricular septal defects are the commonest congenital heart deformities in Sulaimani Governorate; the incidence is lower than other countries but this could be an underestimation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Incidence and Types of Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Sulaimani Governorate

Kamal

Othman

Salih

2017

KJAR

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“…The most common congenital heart defects are ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects (ASD), transposition of greater vessels (TGV), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) [2]. The prevalence of CHDs varies globally [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Congenital heart defects are classified clinically, as cyanotic and acyanotic [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital heart diseases: genetics, non-inherited risk factors, and signaling pathways

Suluba

Liu

Xia

et al. 2020

Egypt J Med Hum Genet

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Background: Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common congenital anomalies with an estimated prevalence of 8 in 1000 live births. CHDs occur as a result of abnormal embryogenesis of the heart. Congenital heart diseases are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. The damage of the heart is irreversible due to a lack of regeneration potential, and usually, the patients may require surgical intervention. Studying the developmental biology of the heart is essential not only in understanding the mechanisms and pathogenesis of congenital heart diseases but also in providing us with insight towards developing new preventive and treatment methods. Main body: The etiology of congenital heart diseases is still elusive. Both genetic and environmental factors have been implicated to play a role in the pathogenesis of the diseases. Recently, cardiac transcription factors, cardiacspecific genes, and signaling pathways, which are responsible for early cardiac morphogenesis have been extensively studied in both human and animal experiments but leave much to be desired. The discovery of novel genetic methods such as next generation sequencing and chromosomal microarrays have led to further study the genes, non-coding RNAs and subtle chromosomal changes, elucidating their implications to the etiology of congenital heart diseases. Studies have also implicated non-hereditary risk factors such as rubella infection, teratogens, maternal age, diabetes mellitus, and abnormal hemodynamics in causing CHDs. These etiological factors raise questions on multifactorial etiology of CHDs. It is therefore important to endeavor in research based on finding the causes of CHDs. Finding causative factors will enable us to plan intervention strategies and mitigate the consequences associated with CHDs. This review, therefore, puts forward the genetic and non-genetic causes of congenital heart diseases. Besides, it discusses crucial signaling pathways which are involved in early cardiac morphogenesis. Consequently, we aim to consolidate our knowledge on multifactorial causes of CHDs so as to pave a way for further research regarding CHDs. Conclusion: The multifactorial etiology of congenital heart diseases gives us a challenge to explicitly establishing specific causative factors and therefore plan intervention strategies. More well-designed studies and the use of novel genetic technologies could be the way through the discovery of etiological factors implicated in the pathogenesis of congenital heart diseases.

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“…Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) refers to complex abnormalities that affect either structure and/or function of the heart due to embryonic defects, and is the most common birth defect leading to infant mortality [1]. The incidence of CHD varied globally and ranges from 4 to 50 per 1000 live births [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease among Libyan Children: A Single Centre Study

Mahmmed

Alhagamhmad

Goobae

et al. 2020

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Objective: To evaluate the pattern of Congenital heart disease (CHD) in Al-Mugref Teaching Hospital in the North Eastern part of Libya. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective descriptive study involved pediatric patients aged from day 1 until age of 15 years who were referred to the Cardiology department at Almugref Teaching Hospital for suspected CHD. Data were collected over a period of one year and all the recruited patients were subjected to a full cardiovascular system (CVS) examination and 2D Echocardiography (ECHO). Results and Conclusions: Out of the 719 total referred cases, 332 (46.1%) were confirmed having underlying CHD with predominant a cyanotic type 307 (92.5%). In terms of gender predominance, male to female ratio was 1.1: 1(176 vs. 156). Frequency of CHD in order frequency was as follow: Atrial septal defect (ASD) 134; 40.4%, Ventricular septal defect ( VSD) 102; 30.8%, Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 31; 9.3%, Pulmonary stenosis (PS)15; 4.5%, Atrioventricular (AV) canal defects 12; 3.6%, Aortic stenosis (AS)11; 3.3%, Tetraology of fallot (TOF) 9; 2.7%, Transposition of great arteries (TGA) 4; 1.2%, complex CHD (4; 1.2%), Rhabdomyoma (3;0.9%), total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage ( 3; 0.9%), Truncus arteriosus (TA) 2; 0.6%, Pulmonary atresia (PA)1; 0.3%, Co-arctation of aorta (COA) 1; 0.3%. In terms of the outcome, majority of the patients in a cyanotic group were advised for scheduled follow-ups (240; 78.18%), and almost a quarter had their heart defects being closed spontaneously in the initial visits (53; 17.26%). Further, eleven patients have undergone a surgical closure (3.58%) and three patients died early (0.9%). In contrast, almost a third of the cyanotic group died shortly after the diagnosis was made (8; 32%), and seven patients were successfully operated (28%); whereas ten cases offered a close monitoring with frequent follow ups (40%).

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Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease: A Single Center Experience in Southwestern of Iran

Abstract: Present study showed that VSD was the most common CHD subtype followed by family history, familial marriage, extra cardiac anomalies (ECAs), birth weight, and maternal concomitant disease. But there was a controversial relationship between birth order and drug history in CHD.

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Incidence and Types of Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Sulaimani Governorate

Incidence and Types of Congenital Heart Diseases among Children in Sulaimani Governorate

Congenital heart diseases: genetics, non-inherited risk factors, and signaling pathways

Pattern of Congenital Heart Disease among Libyan Children: A Single Centre Study

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