Prevalence of Craniofacial Injuries in the Elderly Population

Abstract

Introduction: Recognizing and understanding risk factors for craniofacial injury in the elderly is of paramount importance in prevention. This research aims to investigate the prevalence of craniofacial injuries in connection with extrinsic preventable factors, particularly identifying common household products that pose the greatest risk for such injuries. Materials and Methods: This study was done with the utilization of the 2013 to 2022 National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). Data gathered included patient age, injury type, cause of injury, and year of incidence. “Elderly” was defined as an individual of 65 years of age or older. Results: There was a total of 9,703,688 estimated national cases of elderly craniofacial injury from 2013 to 2022. In all, 5,888,112 (60.68%) of these occurred in females. In descending order, the 5 most common items responsible for craniofacial injury in the elderly are floors/flooring Materials (3,741,706, 30.92%), beds/bed frames (1,250,396, 10.33%), stairs/steps (907,92, 7.50%), chairs (546,697, 4.52%), and tables (453,989, 3.75%). These top 5 account for roughly 57% of all cases. The 5 most common presenting diagnoses were internal injury (2,957,095, 40.21%), lacerations (1,435,926, 19.53%), ABR (1,191,008, 16.20%), fracture (568,842, 7.74%), and hematoma (355,871, 4.84%). Conclusions: Out of the roughly 10 million cases of craniofacial injury in the last decade, ~three-fifths have happened to women. The majority of injuries occur in a home setting. The overwhelming majority of cases were related to the product code 1807-floors or flooring materials, and the largest diagnosis was internal injury by a wide margin. Evidently, there is a large population of elderly patients who suffer from craniofacial injuries related to objects and items that permeate within their living residences. The elimination of excess elderly craniofacial injury can be achieved by reducing fall risk factors in the immediate vicinity of the elderly.