Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Antibody in Subjects Between the Ages of 6 and 22 Years

White, Najia H.; Yow, Martha D.; Demmler, Gail J.; Norton, H. James; Hoyle, James; Pinckard, Kay; Mishaw, Clifford O.; Pokorny, Susan F.

doi:10.1093/infdis/159.6.1013

Cited by 42 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Published CMV prevalence in the Caucasian population is reported as 21% to 24%, for ages 18-22 years (17), and 47% in Caucasian women of middle/upper socioeconomic status older than 25 years (18). In our study, 38% of our ITC were CMV positive.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Cytomegalovirus Prevalence and Transmission After Islet Allograft Transplant in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Hafiz¹,

Poggioli²,

Caulfield³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Transplantation

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological status of transplant donors and recipients has important implications on antiviral prophylaxis, morbidity/mortality, donor selection and hospital stay. We evaluated CMV prevalence in our islet transplant candidates (ITC) in comparison with organ donors. We correlated the CMV serological status of our ITC with serology for Epstein-Barr virus and Parvovirus B19, auto-antibodies, patient's age, age at DM onset, duration of DM, gender, race, ABO group, HLA haplotype and C-peptide levels. Cytomegalovirus transmission after islet transplant using the Edmonton regimen was also evaluated. Cytomegalovirus seropositivity varied according to patient group, age, gender and race. Type 1 DM patients had reduced odds of CMV seropositivity when compared with organ donors. In all groups studied, older patients, females, and non-Caucasians were more likely to be CMV seropositive. In addition, no CMV reactivation, infection or disease was observed among our transplanted patients using this steroid-free regimen even after donor/recipient CMV mismatch.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Cytomegalovirus Prevalence and Transmission After Islet Allograft Transplant in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Hafiz¹,

Poggioli²,

Caulfield³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Transplantation

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“…This is in contrast to the studies from developed countries where the reported CMV seropositive rates in children were generally between 20% and 40% [White et al, 1989; Yow et al, 19861. Compared with previous serological surveys in Taiwan, our result was similar to the study performed in 1983 [Lin et al, 19871 but was different from the one done in 1978-1979 [Wang, 19801. The latter study showed a seropositive rate of 85% by 3 years of age and 93% by 10 years of age. This finding indicates that although the prevalence rate of CMV antibody in Taiwan was still high in children, the epidemiological pattern of CMV infection has been becoming closer to that of the developed countries in recent years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Changing seroepidemiological patterns of cytomegalovirus infection in children in Taiwan from 1984 to 1989

Lee¹,

Chang²,

Lee³

et al. 1992

Journal of Medical Virology

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The prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody was studied in 966 children in 1984 and 927 children in 1989. The overall prevalence rate of CMV antibody was 59% for children in 1984 and 46% for children in 1989 (P less than 0.05). In both study years, the prevalence rate of CMV antibody was about 70% in infants under 6 months of age, declined to a trough between the ages of 6 and 12 months, and then increased to 40-50% between 1 and 4 years of age. The rate of CMV antibody for children above 4 years in 1984 increased steadily with age and reached 82% by 12 years. In contrast, the prevalence rate in 1989 remained at the level of 40-50% from age 4 to 10 years. It was followed by a sharp increase after 10 years of age and reached 84% at 12 years old. The seropositive rate in each of the 5-, 6-, 8-, 9-, and 10-year-old groups was higher in 1984 than that in 1989. These observations indicated that the prevalence rate of CMV antibody is decreasing in children. This change may be related to various socioeconomic factors, especially the less crowded family conditions in recent years.

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“…US-Alabama [28] US-Kentucky [121] US-Texas [100] US [40] England [60] US-Alabama [88] US-Alabama [119] France [63] England [61] US-Texas [101] US-Texas [101] US-Alabama [91] France [63] US-Texas [101] US-Texas [98] CMV Seroprevalence Ratios for Females vs. Males Ghana [69] Malaysia [122] US-Texas [101] Australia [44] US-Washington [109] US-Alaska [117] US-Maryland [116] Germany [67] US-Alabama [119] US [40] US-Alabama [91] US-Texas [99] CMV Seroprevalence Ratios for Lower SES vs. Higher SES US-Virginia [28] US-Virginia [29] Chile [54] Canada [51] India [72] US-Washington [105] US [40] US-Washington [104] US-Alabama [85] US-Alabama [88] US-Kentucky [121] US-Texas [101] US-Texas [99] A: Race/ethnicity Summary prevalence ratio = 1.59 95% confidence interval = 1.57-1.61…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and demographic characteristics associated with infection

Cannon¹,

Schmid²,

Hyde³

2010

Reviews in Medical Virology

1,283

928

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Cytomegalovirus establishes a lifelong latent infection following primary infection that can periodically reactivate with shedding of infectious virus. Primary infection, reactivation and reinfection during pregnancy can all lead to in utero transmission to the developing fetus. Congenital CMV infections are a major cause of permanent hearing loss and neurological impairment. In this literature review, we found that CMV infection was relatively common among women of reproductive age, with seroprevalence ranging from 45 to 100%. CMV seroprevalence tended to be highest in South America, Africa and Asia and lowest in Western Europe and United States. Within the United States, CMV seroprevalence showed substantial geographic variation as well, differing by as much as 30 percentage points between states, though differences might be explained by variation in the types of populations sampled. Worldwide, seroprevalence among non-whites tended to be 20-30 percentage points higher than that of whites (summary prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.57-1.61). Females generally had higher seroprevalences than males, although in most studies the differences were small (summary PR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.11-1.14). Persons of lower socioeconomic status were more likely to be CMV seropositive (summary PR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.32-1.35). Despite high seroprevalences in some populations, a substantial percentage of women of reproductive age are CMV seronegative and thus at risk of primary CMV infection during pregnancy. Future vaccine or educational campaigns to prevent primary infection in pregnant women may need to be tailored to suit the needs of different populations.

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Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus Antibody in Subjects Between the Ages of 6 and 22 Years

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Cytomegalovirus Prevalence and Transmission After Islet Allograft Transplant in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Cytomegalovirus Prevalence and Transmission After Islet Allograft Transplant in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Changing seroepidemiological patterns of cytomegalovirus infection in children in Taiwan from 1984 to 1989

Review of cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and demographic characteristics associated with infection

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