Prevalence of Dental Anomalies in the Patient with Cleft Lip and Palate Visiting a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Dental anomaly is one of the major problems in a child born with cleft lip and palate. These anomalies have deleterious effects on the dentition leading to aesthetic problems, impairment of mastication andimproper phonation. The aim of our study was to find out the prevalence of dental anomalies in patient with cleft lip and/or palate radiographically.
 Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from the 208 radiographs, collected by the convenience samplingtechnique with cleft lip and/or palate in Department of Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nepal Cleft and Burn Centre, Kirtipur Hospital from January 2017 to July 2019.Ethical clearance for the study was obtained from Institutional Review Committee. Demographic data were collected and radiographs were evaluated for possible dental anomalies. Data obtained were entered and analysed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.
 Results: Dental anomalies were highly prevalent among cleft lip and palate patients with at least one anomaly present in 188 (90.4%) of patients with male 120 (57.4%) presenting more anomalies than female 88 (42.6%) population. The most common anomaly was dental agenesis 161 (77.9%). The prevalence of positional anomaly, morphological anomaly and supernumerary teeth were found to be 54 (26%), 33 (15.9%) and 20 (10%) respectively. Lateral incisor showed the highest incidence of agenesis among all other missing teeth 223 (65.2%).
 Conclusions: The prevalence of dental anomalies among patients with cleft lip and/or palate was found to be high. Tooth agenesis was the most common anomaly observed in the study with lateral incisor having the highest incidence of agenesis.

The Prevalence and Morphology of Supernumerary Teeth in Children With Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate

“…Tereza et al (2010) in a group of 205 patients with cleft lip and palate found a frequency of supernumerary teeth of 11.7%. Pradhan et al (2020) in the Iranian population of children with cleft revealed 15% prevalence. The Polish sample examined presented a 26.55% occurrence, which is a much higher result.…”

Dental anomalies in non‐syndromic orofacial clefts: A clinical approach

“…Outside the cleft area, the most affected teeth are the lateral incisor contralateral to the cleft and the second premolars (Ajami et al, 2017;Huda et al, 2021;Konstantonis et al, 2017;Pradhan et al, 2020).…”

“…Subjects with NSOC are often affected by developmental anomalies associated with the primary and secondary dentitions (Cakan et al, 2018); however, studies show a higher prevalence in the permanent dentition with variations in percentages, demonstrating significant heterogeneity among the epidemiological studies that have evaluated dental anomalies in patients with NSOC (Yow et al, 2020; Nzomiwu et al, 2021; Pradhan et al, 2020; Mangione et al, 2018; Ajami et al, 2017; Nicholls, 2016; Nicholls et al, 2016; Akcam et al, 2010; Stahl et al, 2006; Wangsrimongkol et al, 2013).…”

“…In general, dental anomalies in subjects with NSOC occur more frequently in the maxilla (Ajami et al, 2017; Huda et al, 2021; Konstantonis et al, 2017; Nicholls, 2016; Pradhan et al, 2020). In studies that consider all dental alterations, including the cleft area, the lateral incisors in the cleft area are the most affected teeth.…”

“…In studies that consider all dental alterations, including the cleft area, the lateral incisors in the cleft area are the most affected teeth. Outside the cleft area, the most affected teeth are the lateral incisor contralateral to the cleft and the second premolars (Ajami et al, 2017; Huda et al, 2021; Konstantonis et al, 2017; Nicholls, 2016; Pradhan et al, 2020).…”