Prevalence Of Depression And Correlates Of Depressive Symptoms For Residents In The Urban Part Of Jeju Island, Korea

Kim, Moon-Doo; Hong, Seong‐Chul; Lee, Chang-In; Kwak, Young-Sook; Shin, Taekyun; Jang, Yunhee; Oh, Eun-Hee; Lee, Jiwoong; Jeon, Bong Hee; Hwang, S . D .

doi:10.1177/0020764006075022

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The prevalence of being in a category at risk for clinical depression (a CES-D score of ≥ 16) was approximately 41.1%. In comparison with other studies, two other cut-off points were also used: scores over 21 (for an elevated level of depressive symptoms) and over 25 (for a level of depressive symptoms comparable with major depressive disorder) [16,17]. Accordingly, approximately one fourth (25.9%) of the students were classified as having an elevated level of depressive symptoms, while 18.7% demonstrated a level of depressive symptoms consistent with major depressive disorder.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Vietnamese secondary school students and proposed solutions: a cross-sectional study

Dedding²,

et al. 2013

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BackgroundThere is a rapidly growing public awareness of mental health problems among Vietnamese secondary school students. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation, to identify related risk factors, and to explore students’ own proposals for improving their mental health.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 1161 secondary students in Can Tho City, Vietnam during September through December, 2011. A structured questionnaire was used to assess anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation and proposed solutions. Depression was measured using the Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale.ResultsThe prevalence estimates of symptoms reaching a threshold comparable to a diagnosis of anxiety and depression were 22.8% and 41.1%, respectively. Suicide had been seriously considered by 26.3% of the students, while 12.9% had made a suicide plan and 3.8% had attempted suicide. Major risk factors related to anxiety and depression were physical or emotional abuse by the family, and high educational stress. As proposed solutions, nearly 80% of students suggested that the academic workload should be reduced and that confidential counselors should be appointed at schools. About half the students stated that the attitudes of their parents and teachers needed to change. A significant majority said that they would visit a website that provided mental health support for students.ConclusionsAnxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation are common among Vietnamese secondary school students. There are strong associations with physical and emotional abuse in the family and high educational stress. Academic curricula and attitudes of parents and teachers need to be changed from a punitive to a more supportive approach to reduce the risk of poor mental health. An internet-based mental health intervention could be a feasible and effective first step to improve students’ mental health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standard cut-off score of 16 was used to detect possible cases of depression [15]. For comparison with other studies, two other cut-off points were also used: scores over 21 (for depressive symptoms) and over 25 (for depression) [16,17]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Vietnamese secondary school students and proposed solutions: a cross-sectional study

Dedding²,

et al. 2013

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“…Depression is a disorder that can be reliably diagnosed and treated in primary care: as outlined in the World Health Organization (WHO) mhGAP Intervention Guide (12), preferable treatment options consist of basic psychosocial support combined with antidepressant medication or psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy or problem-solving treatment. Looking at gender, depression also strikes more women than men: its prevalence is one to five times greater in females (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). This gender gap can be explained by genetic, neurohormonal, psychobiological (20) and social factors (21), the latter far more predictive of gender gaps in depression than genetic or hormonal factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other socio-economic variables that might be considered as determinants of depression are likely to be endogenous. High frequencies of mental disorders are connected with low education (44,45), family income, as it has been already stressed (18,46) and participation in the workforce (47), especially for women. To account for labor market status, a dummy variable assuming a value of 1 if the respondent was an employed woman and 0 otherwise was included as a regressor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Instrumental Variable Probit (IVP) analysis on depressed mood in Korea: the impact of gender differences and other socio-economic factors

Gitto

Noh

Andrés

2015

Int J Health Policy Manag

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Background: Depression is a mental health state whose frequency has been increasing in modern societies. It imposes a great burden, because of the strong impact on people's quality of life and happiness. Depression can be reliably diagnosed and treated in primary care: if more people could get effective treatments earlier, the costs related to depression would be reversed. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of socio-economic factors and gender on depressed mood, focusing on Korea. In fact, in spite of the great amount of empirical studies carried out for other countries, few epidemiological studies have examined the socio-economic determinants of depression in Korea and they were either limited to samples of employed women or did not control for individual health status. Moreover, as the likely data endogeneity (i.e. the possibility of correlation between the dependent variable and the error term as a result of autocorrelation or simultaneity, such as, in this case, the depressed mood due to health factors that, in turn might be caused by depression), might bias the results, the present study proposes an empirical approach, based on instrumental variables, to deal with this problem. Methods: Data for the year 2008 from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) were employed. About seven thousands of people (N= 6,751, of which 43% were males and 57% females), aged from 19 to 75 years old, were included in the sample considered in the analysis. In order to take into account the possible endogeneity of some explanatory variables, two Instrumental Variables Probit (IVP) regressions were estimated; the variables for which instrumental equations were estimated were related to the participation of women to the workforce and to good health, as reported by people in the sample. Explanatory variables were related to age, gender, family factors (such as the number of family members and marital status) and socio-economic factors (such as education, residence in metropolitan areas, and so on). As the results of the Wald test carried out after the estimations did not allow to reject the null hypothesis of endogeneity, a probit model was run too. Results: Overall, women tend to develop depression more frequently than men. There is an inverse effect of education on depressed mood (probability of -24.6% to report a depressed mood due to high school education, as it emerges from the probit model marginal effects), while marital status and the number of family members may act as protective factors (probability to report a depressed mood of -1.0% for each family member). Depression is significantly associated with socio-economic conditions, such as work and income. Living in metropolitan areas is inversely correlated with depression (probability of -4.1% to report a depressed mood estimated through the probit model): this could be explained considering that, in rural areas, people rarely have immediate access to high-quality health services. Conclusion: This study outlines the fact...

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“…This finding indicated that the prevalence of depression among Korean women doubled since the previous study [7], which reported that 33.1% of Korean middle-aged women suffered from moderate to severe depression. Other studies also reported a higher prevalence of depression among Korean women than among Korean men: 12.1% vs. 8.1 % [8], 11.4%, and 9.5% [9], respectively. Studies of depressed Korean women in relation to age reported that de-pressive symptoms were highly present, especially among Korean women whose ages ranged from 40 to 60 years [10] and who were 60 and older [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Korean Housewives Living through Depression: A Grounded Theory Study

Lee

Shin

Choi

et al. 2014

J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs

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using in-depth interviews and theoretical sampling. The participants were 12 women aged 40-64 years who scored 7 or higher in the Korean version of the 21-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (Kim, 1980). Collected data were analyzed by grounded theory methodology using open, axial, selective coding process. Results: It was found that the basic socio-psychological process of Korean housewives' living through depression could be summarized into the following four phases: (1) the vanishing of the self into thin air, (2) becoming an empty shell, and (3) searching for the meaning of life, (4) fulfilling of an empty shell. Conclusion: This study may enhance the culturally elusive understanding of Korean housewives' experience with depression. As they are living through a hollow empty shell which looks normal on the outside, so can't get support from their families. It's important to educate their families about depressive phases.

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Prevalence Of Depression And Correlates Of Depressive Symptoms For Residents In The Urban Part Of Jeju Island, Korea

Cited by 31 publications

References 15 publications

Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Vietnamese secondary school students and proposed solutions: a cross-sectional study

Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among Vietnamese secondary school students and proposed solutions: a cross-sectional study

An Instrumental Variable Probit (IVP) analysis on depressed mood in Korea: the impact of gender differences and other socio-economic factors

Korean Housewives Living through Depression: A Grounded Theory Study

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