Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Insomnia Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pappa, Sofia; Ntella, Vasiliki; Giannakas, Timoleon; Giannakoulis, Vassilis G.; Papoutsi, Eleni; Κatsaounou, Paraskevi

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3594632

Cited by 689 publications

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“…In addition, a sense of stigma from other family members or friends might have contributed to such high levels of distress [23]. Findings related to self-identi cation as a frontline or essential service worker exhibiting a lower level of stress in the present study was somewhat incongruous with other initial studies, which showed a signi cant mental health burden on frontline healthcare workers during pandemics [24,25]. Due to the small number of participants, this study could not conduct subgroup analyses focusing on frontline healthcare providers and our ndings of lower levels of distress among these groups could be due to the prolonged exposure of the pandemic period, being accustomed with service provision as frontline workers and/or availability of personal protective equipment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…All items were scored, and the total score categorised into low (score 10-15), moderate (score [16][17][18][19][20][21], high (score [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and very high (score 30-50). FCV-19S had seven items and the response to each item was also measured using a 5-point Likert scale (strongly disagree, somewhat disagree, neither agree nor disagree, somewhat agree, strongly agree); similarly, scores were categorised into low (score 7-21) and high (score [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. BRCS had four items and responses were collected again using a 5-point Likert scale (does not describe me at all, does not describe me, neutral, describes me, describes me very well); scoring was categorised into low (score 4-13), medium (score 14-16) and high (score 17-20) resilient copers.…”

Section: Study Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Associated With Psychological Distress, Fear and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia

Rahman

Hoque²,

Alif

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the personal, professional and social life of Australians with some people more impacted than others. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with psychological distress, fear and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia.Methods: This cross-sectional online survey was conducted among residents in Australia, including patients, frontline health and other essential service workers, and community members during Jun-2020. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), level of fear was assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S), and coping strategies were assessed using the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS). Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the extent of psychological distress, level of fear and coping strategies while adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Among 587 participants, the majority (391, 73.2%) were 30-59 years old and female (363, 61.8%). More than half (349, 59.5%) were born outside Australia and two-third (418, 71.5%) completed at least a Bachelor’s degree. The majority (401, 71.5%) had a source of income, 243 (42.3%) self-identified as a frontline worker, and 335 (58.9%) reported financial impact due to COVID-19. Comorbidities such as pre-existing mental health conditions (AOR 3.13, 95% CIs 1.12-8.75), increased smoking (8.66, 1.08-69.1) and alcohol drinking (2.39, 1.05-5.47) over the last four weeks, high levels of fear (2.93, 1.83-4.67) and being female (1.74, 1.15-2.65) were associated with a higher levels of psychological distress. Perceived distress due to change of employment status (4.14, 1.39-12.4), alcohol drinking (3.64, 1.54-8.58), providing care to known or suspected cases (3.64, 1.54-8.58), being female (1.56, 1.00-2.45), being 30-59 years old (2.29, 1.21-4.35) and having medium to high levels of psychological distress (2.90, 1.82-5.62) were associated with a higher level of fear; while healthcare service use in the last four weeks was associated with medium to high resilience. Conclusions: This study identified individuals who were at higher risk of distress and fear during the COVID-19 pandemic situation in Australia. Specific interventions to support the mental wellbeing of these individuals should be considered in addition to the existing resources within primary healthcare settings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: Study Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Psychological Distress, Fear and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia

Rahman

Hoque²,

Alif

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Among that, very scanty papers talk on depression and anxiety in nurses in low economic countries and that among the frontline health workers. (13) Nepal falls in a low and middleincome countries (LMICS) and the social anxiety disorder is much prevalent in these nations (18), yet only few literatures emphasize on the mental health issues in health workers especially on the nurses who work in hospital. In nurses who have graduated and employed in hospital, are expected to have comparatively lesser anxiety than the student group as they have no more exams or stress to graduate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Measurement of Anxiety and Depression in Nurses During Covid Pandemic in Nepal

Karki¹,

Katwal

Chandra

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundAnxiety and depression are under reported, underdiagnosed mental illness inhealth worker in Nepal especially during COVID pandemic.The study was carried out as an observational studyon nurses in Nepal. In this study we attempted to assess the incidence and impact of depression and anxietyin nurses who are working upfront in different hospitals during this crisis.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study is to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression among nurses in Nepal during COVID pandemic who are working in various hospitals.MethodA cross-sectional non-probability purposive sampling with observational analysis was carried out and the sample was collected from nurses working in different hospitals. Prevalence of anxiety and depression was assessed using a structured and validated questionnaire. Anxiety was assessed with theHamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), General Anxiety Disorder Questionnaires (GAD) with a cut-off score for various levels of anxiety while Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D)was used to assess depression.ResultThe analysis of these different scales revealed that disabling anxiety prevailed at highest (43.6%) in nursing staff according to HAM-A scale. Moderateanxiety also seemed to be higher (>20%) in GAD questionnaire. ConclusionThis is the first study carried out in Nepal that investigates the mental health of nurses who are working in the frontline in this COVID pandemic situation. The study revealed that our nurses who have given their life in the line are suffering from serious mental health problems.

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“…Their resilience can be further compromised by isolation and loss of social support, risk of contagion and infection of friends and relatives, as well as drastic, often annoying changes in working conditions. Previous studies have reported that healthcare staff especially those who work in the frontline during viral epidemic outbreaks are at high risk for developing mental health issues, including stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, anger, insomnia, fear, and sleep disorders [3,4,5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep Disorders, Perceived Stress and Family Support Among Nursing Staff During the Pandemic Crisis

Tselebis

Lekka

Sikaras

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The covid-19 pandemic is likely to cause mental health issues, especially for healthcare professionals. The aim of this study is to investigate levels of perceived stress, sleep disturbances and sense of family support among nurses in pandemic conditions. Methods: Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Family Support Scale (FSS) were administered in a sample of 150 nurses from different hospital departments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Individual and demographic data were recorded. Results: 120 women and 30 men completed the study questionnaires. Almost half of participants (49.7%) reported the presence of sleep difficulties and more than half (50.3%) experienced increased stress levels. Scores on AIS scale correlated positively with PSS scores (P<0.01), and negatively with FSS scores (P<0.01). A significantly negative correlation was observed between the PSS scores and the FSS scores (p<0.01). Regression model showed ‘scores on PSS scale’ and ‘years of work experience’ were significant predictors of ‘scores on AIS scale’, each explaining 43.6% and 2.3% of the variance. Scores on AIS scale’ and ‘scores on FSS scale’ were significant predictors of PSS explaining 43.7% and 9,2% of the variance . Conclusion: The study confirmed that working with COVID-19 patients has a negative effect on the sleep of nurses, possibly mediated by increased levels of stress. Family support, as a protective factor, appears to moderate the deleterious consequences of stress.

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Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, and Insomnia Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 689 publications

References 0 publications

Factors Associated With Psychological Distress, Fear and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia

Factors Associated With Psychological Distress, Fear and Coping Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia

Prevalence and Measurement of Anxiety and Depression in Nurses During Covid Pandemic in Nepal

Sleep Disorders, Perceived Stress and Family Support Among Nursing Staff During the Pandemic Crisis

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