Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors among HIV-Positive Youth Attending ART Follow-Up in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abebe, Helina; Shumet, Shegaye; Nassir, Zebiba; Agidew, Melkamu; Angaw, Dessie Abebaw

doi:10.1155/2019/4610458

Cited by 41 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This indicated that acquiring another illness was considered by these women to be risky, in a situation where dealing more symptoms from chronic illnesses consistently over some time. Consistent with these ndings, similar studies have narrated that acquiring comorbid illnesses have increased the rate of depression among People Living with HIV (6,(21)(22)(23)(24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Dual burden: the experience of depression among women living with HIV in Ethiopia- a qualitative study

Yousuf

Musa

Md.

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Depression and HIV are common comorbid and their symptoms are inter-related. Depression remains disproportionately more prevalent among women who live in low-income countries and HIV circumstances, it is vastly ignored or not identified. Thus, little is known about the experience of depression by women living with HIV. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of depression among women living with HIV. Method: A qualitative study was carried out and this research is a part of the larger mixed-method study. A face-to-face interview was conducted among women who attend Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and who were eligible after depression screening. An interview guide was used for the data collection and the data was analyzed with the application of N-Vivo (version 11.0). Hence, a total of twenty-one women were recruited in this study. Results Women described their experience as stressful life events, lack of participation of social activities, concern over community acceptance, negative self-perception, feelings of hopelessness, including dealing with emotional suffering. However, this finding has revealed, in the course of the multifaceted nature of HIV and depression comorbidity, women’s experience was not constant instead it remained dynamic determined by the different psychosocial and clinical dimensions of the illnesses. Conclusion This study has elaborated that HIV positive women’s experience with depression was merely related to their psychosocial aspects, internalized personal attributes, disease traits regarding their life with comorbid diseases; HIV, and depression. Hence, future interventions should focus on the integration of mental health services in the HIV clinical setup.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Dual burden: the experience of depression among women living with HIV in Ethiopia- a qualitative study

Yousuf

Musa

Md.

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Of the ten quantitative studies ( Table 2), five were conducted in southern Africa: South Africa [90,91], Namibia [92], Malawi [93], Zambia [94] ( Table 3). The remainder conducted in eastern Africa: Uganda (n = 2) [95,96], Kenya (n = 1) [97], Ethiopia (n = 1) [98] and Tanzania (n = 1) [99]. All studies employed a crosssectional study design.…”

Section: Quantitative Studies-characteristics and Data Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…iii. Psycho-social HIV-related stigma was strongly positively associated with poor mental health functioning in six studies [91,92,94,96,98,99]. Among these studies, the largest effect of stigma was documented in Zambia, which found that the odds of having higher depressive symptom scores was almost three times higher for YPLHIV who experienced stigma than in those who did not (aOR = 2.99; 95% CI [1.07-8.41], p = 0.01) [94].…”

Section: Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Having someone to talk to or feeling satisfied with health services or the social support received promoted positive mental health functioning in four studies (Namibia (n = 1) [92], Uganda (n = 2) [95,96], Zambia (n = 1) [94]. In an Ethiopian study, Abebe, Shumet [98] reported that those with low social support were 2.74 times more likely to develop depressive symptoms than those with strong social support (95% CI [1.42-5.27], p = < 0.01). Moreover, poor adherence was positively correlated with depressive symptoms in three studies [97][98][99].…”

Section: Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an Ethiopian study, Abebe, Shumet [98] reported that those with low social support were 2.74 times more likely to develop depressive symptoms than those with strong social support (95% CI [1.42-5.27], p = < 0.01). Moreover, poor adherence was positively correlated with depressive symptoms in three studies [97][98][99].…”

Section: Demographicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review

Govindasamy

Seeley

Olaru

et al. 2020

Health Qual Life Outcomes

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Young people living with HIV (YPLHIV) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are at high risk of having a poor quality of life. Addressing wellbeing explicitly within HIV/AIDS policies could assist mitigation efforts. However, guidance on wellbeing measures to evaluate policies for YPLHIV is scarce. The aims of this mixed-methods review were to identify: i) key dimensions of wellbeing and ii) wellbeing measures that align to these dimensions among YPLHIV (15-24 years) in SSA. We searched six social science and medical databases, including grey literature. We included studies that examined correlates and lived experiences of wellbeing, among YPLHIV in SSA, from January 2000 to May 2019. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts and assessed methodological quality of included articles. We analysed quantitative and qualitative data using descriptive and meta-ethnographic approaches, respectively. Thereafter, we integrated findings using a framework approach. We identified 6527 citations. Of these, 10 quantitative and 30 qualitative studies were included. Being male, higher educational status, less stigma and more social support were likely correlates of wellbeing. Themes that shaped experiences suggestive of wellbeing were: 1) acceptance and belonging-stigma, social support; 2) coping; 3) standard of living. Our final synthesis found that the following dimensions potentially characterise wellbeing: self-acceptance, belonging, autonomy; positive relations, environmental mastery, purpose in life. Wellbeing for YPLHIV is multi-dimensional and relational. Relevant measures include the Personal Wellbeing Index, Ryff's Psychological Wellbeing Scale and Mental Health Continuum Short Form. However, psychometric evaluations of these scales among YPLHIV in SSA are needed.

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Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders in young people living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa: a systematic review

et al. 2021

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Introduction Common mental disorders (CMDs) particularly depression and anxiety, are highly comorbid with HIV also in young people living with HIV (YLWH). In sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) where most YLWH reside, there are limited summary data on CMDs among these youths, yet there are previous systematic reviews summarizing data on CMDs among adults living with HIV. We conducted a systematic literature review on the prevalence and correlates of CMDs among YLWH, aged 10 to 24 years, from SSA. Methods We searched African Index Medicus, African Journals Online and five other electronic databases (from database inception up to 31 December 2020) for relevant studies published in English. The key search terms applied were as follows: “Depression OR Anxiety”, “Young people”, “HIV infections” and “sub‐Saharan Africa”. Results and discussion Out of 3989 articles, 31 studies were included in the review. The prevalence of CMDs in YLWH widely varied ranging between 16.0% and 40.8% for major depression, 4.4% and 52.6% for depressive symptoms and 2.2% and 25.0% for anxiety symptoms. Anxiety disorder was estimated at 45.6%. Four of the five included studies with a comparison group of HIV‐negative young people reported significantly higher prevalence estimates of depressive disorders among YLWH. Several sociodemographic, psychosocial and HIV‐related correlates of CMDs were reported but most lacked consensus across studies. Nevertheless, female sex, older age, fewer schooling years, HIV‐positive status, bullying, sexual abuse, HIV‐related stigma, social support and poor antiretroviral therapy adherence were frequently reported (in ≥2 studies) as significant correlates of depressive symptoms among YLWH. Higher social support was the only frequent significant correlate of anxiety symptoms. Conclusions The burden of CMDs among YLWH from SSA is substantial and appears to be significantly higher when compared with HIV‐negative peers, particularly for depressive disorders. However, more comparative research is needed. Importantly, screening for CMDs at the youth HIV‐clinics should be prioritized especially for YLWH at high risk of CMDs, to facilitate early management or referral for treatment. Furthermore, youth‐friendly psychological interventions addressing CMDs in YLWH should urgently be piloted in SSA, incorporating contextual components that may directly or indirectly reduce symptoms of CMDs among YLWH, such as social support.

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Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors among HIV-Positive Youth Attending ART Follow-Up in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Cited by 41 publications

References 24 publications

Dual burden: the experience of depression among women living with HIV in Ethiopia- a qualitative study

Dual burden: the experience of depression among women living with HIV in Ethiopia- a qualitative study

Informing the measurement of wellbeing among young people living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa for policy evaluations: a mixed-methods systematic review

Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorders in young people living with HIV in sub‐Saharan Africa: a systematic review

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