Prevalence of Dermatoses and Associated Factors Among School Children in Vijayapura, Karnataka

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of dermatoses among school children in Vijayapura, Karnataka and to assess the influence of factors on them. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in private, government, and residential schools in Vijayapura, Karnataka. A questionnaire regarding demographic factors was given to the students, which was to be answered by their parents. All students aged 5–14 years with completed responses to the questionnaire were included. During school visits, height and weight were recorded and the skin, hair, and nails of children were examined. Any dermatoses, if found, were noted. The prevalence of dermatoses in school children was determined and the frequency of various factors was assessed. Results: Among 2272 children, the prevalence of dermatoses was 89.4%. Non-infectious and infectious dermatoses accounted for 97.9% and 9.3%, respectively. Dermatoses were more prevalent in residential schools (92.4%). Non-infectious dermatoses were more prevalent in private schools (98.2%) and infectious dermatoses in government schools (13.5%). Non-infectious dermatoses were associated with good hygiene, no contact with pets, higher socioeconomic status, and overweight students; and infectious dermatoses with poor diet and hygiene, home overcrowding, lower socioeconomic status, and underweight students (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of non-infectious dermatoses was more than the infectious dermatoses among school children in Vijayapura, Karnataka, which attributes to better education and understanding. Awareness regarding non-infectious dermatoses is important as it can have a significant impact on children if ignored.